Original articles and suggestions for review articles should be submitted by online submission at: http://ees.elsevier.com/tube/.
Editorial correspondence should go to the Editors-in-Chief at one of the following addresses:

Patrick J. Brennan, Ph.D.
Department of Microbiology
Immunology and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Colorado State University
200 West Lake Street
Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682 USA

Tel.: +1 (970) 491 6700
Fax: +1 (970) 491 1815
E-mail: patrick.brennan@colostate.edu

Brian D. Robertson, PhD
Imperial College London
Department of Microbiology
Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection
Flowers Building
London SW7 2AZ
UK

Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 3198
Fax: +44 (0)20 7594 3095
E-mail: b.robertson@imperial.ac.uk

It is strongly advised that Authors provide a list of 4 or 5 potential reviewers (e-mail, phone and fax numbers) who are knowledgeable in the subject matter, have no conflict of interest, and are likely to agree to review the manuscript. When submitting your manuscript please specify under which of the following categories your paper should be included if accepted for publication. This will be of great assistance to the Editors with the review process:

Reviews

Comments

Molecular Aspects

Immunological Aspects

Mechanisms of Pathogenesis

Model Systems

Bovine Tuberculosis

Diagnostics

Drug Discovery and Resistance

Host Genetics of Susceptibility

Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria

A paper is accepted for publication on the understanding that it has not been submitted simultaneously to another journal in the English language. The Journal is extremely vigilant regarding instances of plagiarism and is enlisted into COPE (Committee on Publishing Ethics) www.publicationethics.org.uk

This Journal does not accept Case Reports.

Books for review may be sent to either Editor at the addresses given above.

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION
Papers should be submitted in journal style and must be written in good English. Failure to do so may lead to significant delays in publication. Spelling may be British or American, but this must be consistent throughout the paper. It is highly recommended that authors use the "spell-checking" facility on their word processing software.

Format the entire manuscript using 1.5 double spacing and 2 cm margins. Ensure that each new paragraph is clearly indicated. Present tables and figure legends on separate pages at the end of the manuscript. If possible, consult a recent issue of the journal to become familiar with layout and conventions. Number all pages consecutively.

Authors should note that upon submission of their manuscripts to the Editor, they must ensure that they have adhered to the following checklist:

One author is designated as the corresponding author and provides the following information:
• E-mail address
• Full postal address
• Telephone and fax numbers

Papers should be set out as follows, with each section beginning on a separate sheet: title page, summary, keywords, text, acknowledgements, references, tables, captions to illustrations.

• Title page: The title page should give the following information (in the order stated):
• Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.

• Author names and affiliations. Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, and the e-mail address of each author.

• Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who is willing to handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address.

• Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
Abstract: Original articles should include an abstract of no more than 200 words. Abstracts for review articles may be up to 300 words, and for short communications 150 words. A recent copy of the journal should be consulted as a guide. An abstract is often presented separate from the article, so it must be able to stand alone.

Keywords: Immediately after the abstract, provide a minimum of 3maximum of 6 keywords, avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

DNA sequences and GenBank Accession numbers: Many Elsevier journals cite "gene accession numbers" in their running text and footnotes. Gene accession numbers refer to genes or DNA sequences about which further information can be found in the databases at the National Center for Biotechnical Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine. Elsevier authors wishing to enable other scientists to use the accession numbers cited in their papers via links to these sources, should type this information in the following manner:

For each and every accession number cited in an article, authors should type the accession number in bold, underlined text. Letters in the accession number should always be capitalised. (See Example below). This combination of letters and format will enable Elsevier's typesetters to recognise the relevant texts as accession numbers and add the required link to GenBank's sequences.

Example: "GenBank accession nos. AI631510 , AI631511 , AI632198 , and BF223228 ), a B-cell tumor from a chronic lymphatic leukemia (GenBank accession no. BE675048 ), and a T-cell lymphoma (GenBank accession no. AA361117 )".

Authors are encouraged to check accession numbers used very carefully. An error in a letter or number can result in a dead link. In the final version of the printed article, the accession number text will not appear bold or underlined. In the final version of the electronic copy, the accession number text will be linked to the appropriate source in the NCBI databases enabling readers to go directly to that source from the article. Text: Headings should be appropriate to the nature of the paper. In general those for experimental papers should follow the usual conventions. Other papers can be subdivided as the author desires; the use of headings enhances readability. Normally only two categories of headings should be used: major ones should be typed in capital letters; minor ones should be typed in lower case (with an initial capital letter) at the left hand margin and underlined. Do not use "he", "his", etc where the sex of the person is unknown; say "the patient", etc. Avoid inelegant alternatives such as "he/she". Patients should not be automatically designated as "she", and doctors as "he".

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Editors/Section Editors may recommend conversion of longer manuscripts to shorter versions, or short communications may be submitted as such. We recommend the format described by ASM publications (asm.journals.org).

ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION
Always keep a backup copy of the electronic file for reference and safety. Full details of electronic submission and formats can be obtained from: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/disksub or from Elsevier's Author Services.

ILLUSTRATIONS
illustrations: All line illustrations should present a crisp black image on an even white background (127 x 173 mm (5 x 7 in), or no larger than 203 x 254 mm (8 x 10 in)).

Photographic illustrations and radiographs: These should be submitted as clear, highly contrasted black and white files, sizes as above. Photomicrographs should have the magnification and details of staining techniques shown. X-ray film should be submitted as photographic files, carefully made to bring out the detail to be illustrated, with an overlay indicating the area of importance. Figures should be submitted appropriately lettered in capital letters. The size of the letters should be appropriate to that of the illustration, taking into account the necessary size reduction.

Submit colour illustrations as high-quality files, close to the size expected in publication. Polaroid colour prints are not suitable. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see: www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions. Please note, however, that illustrations in colour cannot be accepted unless the cost of origination and publication is paid for by the author. All illustration files should be clearly marked with the figure number.

Captions should be typed, double spaced on separate pages from the main text.

Patient confidentiality: Where illustrations must include recognizable individuals, living or dead or of whatever age, great care must be taken to ensure that consent for publication has been given. If identifiable features are not essential to the illustration, please indicate where the illustration can be cropped. In cases where consent has not been obtained and recognisable features may appear, it will be necessary to retouch the illustration to mask the eyes or otherwise render the individual "officially unrecognisable". Permissions to reproduce borrowed illustrations or tables or identifiable clinical photographs: Written permission to reproduce borrowed material (illustrations and tables) must be obtained from the original publishers and authors, and submitted with the typescript. Borrowed material should be acknowledged in the captions in this style: 'Reproduced by the kind permission of . . . (publishers) from . . . (reference)'.

TABLES
Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Place footnotes to tables below the table body and indicate them with superscript lowercase letters. Avoid vertical rules. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in tables do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Tables should be typed double spaced on separate sheets and contain only horizontal rules. A short descriptive title should appear above each table and any footnotes, suitably identified, below. Care must be taken to ensure that all units are included. Ensure that each table is cited in the text.

REFERENCES
The accuracy of references is the responsibility of the author. References should be entered consecutively by superscript arabic numerals. All references listed should be referred to within the text of the article. The reference list should be listed in numerical order on a separate sheet in double or triple spacing. References to journals should include the author's name and initials, full title of paper, journal title abbreviated, using Index Medicus abbreviations, year of publication, volume number, first and last page numbers.

For example: Kleinberg DL, Noll GI, Frantz AG. Galactorrhoea: a study of 235 cases, including 48 with pituitary tumours. N Engl J Med 1977;296:589-600.

References to books should be set out as follows: Duncan WC, Rudolph AH. Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial disorders. In: Callen JP, editor. Cutaneous Aspects of Internal Disease. Chicago: Year Book, 1981. p. 343-54. When citing an Elsevier journal, include the digital object identifier (DOI), if noted, from the articles title page. Please note the following examples: Nanduri N, Zimniak P. 1999. Arch Biochem Biophys 62: 167-74, doi: 10.105/abbi.1998.1009 Prasad RK, Ismail-Beigi F. 1999. Arch Biochem Biophys doi: 10.1054/abb.1998.1026

PREPARATION OF SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file.

PROPRIETARY NAMES
Proprietary names of drugs, instruments, etc. should be indicated by the use of initial capital letters.

ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS
Avoid abbreviations in the title and abstract. All unusual abbreviations should be fully explained at their first occurrence in the text. All measurements should be expressed in S.I. units. For more detailed recommendations, authors may consult the Royal Society of Medicine publication entitled Units, Symbols and Abbreviations: A Guide for Biological and Medical Editors and Authors.

Language and language services

Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these).Authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://www.elsevier.com/languageediting or our customer support site at http://epsupport.elsevier.com for more information.

ETHICS
Work on human beings that is submitted to Tuberculosis should comply with the principles laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki; Recommendations guiding physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects. Adopted by the 18th World Medical Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964, amended by the 29th World Medical Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, October 1975, the 35th World Medical Assembly, Venice, Italy, October 1983, and the 41st World Medical Assembly, Hong Kong, September 1989. The manuscript should contain a statement that the work has been approved by the appropriate ethical committees related to the institution(s) in which it was performed and that subjects gave informed consent to the work. Studies involving experiments with animals must state that their care was in accordance with institution guidelines.

Studies on patients or volunteers require ethics committee approval and informed consent which should be documented in your paper. Patients have a right to privacy. Therefore identifying information, including patients, images, names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be included in videos, recordings, written descriptions, photographs, and pedigrees unless the information is essential for scientific purposes and you have obtained written informed consent for publication in print and electronic form from the patient (or parent, guardian or next of kin where applicable). If such consent is made subject to any conditions, Elsevier must be made aware of all such conditions. Written consents must be provided to Elsevier on request. Even where consent has been given, identifying details should be omitted if they are not essential. If identifying characteristics are altered to protect anonymity, such as in genetic pedigrees, authors should provide assurance that alterations do not distort scientific meaning and editors should so note. If such consent has not been obtained, personal details of patients included in any part of the paper and in any supplementary materials (including all illustrations and videos) must be removed before submission.

RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIALS
All randomised controlled trials submitted for publication in Tuberculosis should include a completed Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) flow chart. Please refer to the CONSORT statement website at http://www.consort-statement.org for more information. Tuberculosis has adopted the proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) which require, as a condition of consideration for publication of clinical trials, registration in a public trials registry. Trials must register at or before the onset of patient enrolment. The clinical trial registration number should be included at the end of the abstract of the article. For this purpose, a clinical trial is defined as any research project that prospectively assigns human subjects to intervention or comparison groups to study the cause-and-effect relationship between a medical intervention and a health outcome. Studies designed for other purposes, such as to study pharmacokinetics or major toxicity (e.g. phase I trials) would be exempt. Further information can be found at www.icmje.org.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
At the end of the text, under a subheading "Conflict of interest statement" all authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organisations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding.

ROLE OF THE FUNDING SOURCE
All sources of funding should be declared as an acknowledgement at the end of the text. Authors should declare the role of study sponsors, if any, in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. If the study sponsors had no such involvement, the authors should so state.

AUTHORSHIP
All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the following: (1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, (3) final approval of the version to be submitted.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship as defined above should be listed in an acknowledgements section. Examples of those who might be acknowledged include a person who provided purely technical help, writing assistance, or a department chair who provided only general support. Authors should disclose whether they had any writing assistance and identify the entity that paid for this assistance.

COPYRIGHT
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher.Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright (for more information on copyright see www.elsevier.com/authors). This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A letter will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. A form facilitating transfer of copyright will be provided.

If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has pre-printed forms for use by authors in these cases: contact Elsevier's Rights Department, Philadelphia, PA, USA: Tel. (+1) 215 238 7869; Fax (+1) 215 238 2239; e-mail: healthpermissions@elsevier.com

PROOFS
When your manuscript is received by the Publisher, it is considered to be in its final form. Proofs are not to be regarded as 'drafts'. Proofs will be sent to the author (first-named author if no corresponding author is identified on multi-authored papers) by PDF wherever possible and should be returned within 48 hours of receipt, preferably by e-mail. Please note that proofreading is solely the responsibility of the author. Corrections should be restricted to typesetting errors; any other amendments made may be charged to the author. Any queries should be answered in full. Elsevier will do everything possible to get your article corrected and published as quickly and accurately as possible. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are returned to us in one all inclusive e-mail or fax. Subsequent additional corrections will not be possible, so please ensure that your first communication is complete. Should you choose to mail your corrections, please return them to: Log-in Department, Elsevier, Stover Court, Bampfylde Street, Exeter, Devon EX1 2AH, UK.

OFFPRINTS
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use. Additional paper offprints can be ordered by the authors. An order form with prices will be sent to the corresponding author.

AUTHOR ENQUIRIES
Authors can also keep a track on the progress of their accepted articles by visiting (http://www.elsevier.com/authors).

For specific enquiries on the preparation of electronic artwork, consult http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided after registration of an article for publication.

FUNDING BODY AGREEMENTS AND POLICIES
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by Elsevier, to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies
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