Procedia CIRP

Introduction

Procedia CIRP is a product for proposed conference proceedings. It only receives manuscripts submitted to a conference that has an agreement with Elsevier for publication on Procedia CIRP. Procedia CIRP is an open access product focusing entirely on publishing high quality proceedings from CIRP conferences, enabling fast dissemination so that conference delegates can publish their papers in a dedicated online issue on ScienceDirect. Procedia CIRP is indexed in the EI Compendex database.
Procedia CIRP will publish papers from CIRP conferences. Conferences should be relevant to an international audience and cover timely topics. Peer-review is under the responsibility of the conference organizers who according to the international peer-review standards may use single blind, double blind or open peer review. For details specific to the conference peer-review process, please contact the conference organizer or the guest editor of the conference.

Before you begin

Ethics in publishing

Please see our information on Ethics in publishing.

Declaration of competing interest

Corresponding authors, on behalf of all the authors of a submission, must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. All authors, including those without competing interests to declare, should provide the relevant information to the corresponding author (which, where relevant, may specify they have nothing to declare). Corresponding authors should then use this tool to create a shared statement and upload to the submission system at the Attach Files step. Please do not convert the .docx template to another file type. Author signatures are not required.

Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing

The below guidance only refers to the writing process, and not to the use of AI tools to analyse and draw insights from data as part of the research process.

Where authors use generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should only use these technologies to improve readability and language. Applying the technology should be done with human oversight and control, and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased. AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be listed as an author or co-author, or be cited as an author. Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier’s AI policy for authors.

Authors should disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. A statement will appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.

Disclosure instructions
Authors must disclose the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their manuscript in the core manuscript file, before the References list. The statement should be placed in a new section entitled ‘Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process’.

Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.

This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.

Submission declaration

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder.

Preprints
Please note that preprints can be shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints e.g. on a preprint server will not count as prior publication (see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information).

Use of inclusive language

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader; contain nothing which might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition; and use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions. We advise to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". We suggest using alternatives that are more appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant as a point of reference to help identify appropriate language but are by no means exhaustive or definitive.

Reporting sex- and gender-based analyses

Reporting guidance
For research involving or pertaining to humans, animals or eukaryotic cells, investigators should integrate sex and gender-based analyses (SGBA) into their research design according to funder/sponsor requirements and best practices within a field. Authors should address the sex and/or gender dimensions of their research in their article. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this as a limitation to their research's generalizability. Importantly, authors should explicitly state what definitions of sex and/or gender they are applying to enhance the precision, rigor and reproducibility of their research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer (see Definitions section below). Authors can refer to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER guidelines checklist. These offer systematic approaches to the use and editorial review of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting and research interpretation - however, please note there is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender.

Definitions
Sex generally refers to a set of biological attributes that are associated with physical and physiological features (e.g., chromosomal genotype, hormonal levels, internal and external anatomy). A binary sex categorization (male/female) is usually designated at birth (""sex assigned at birth""), most often based solely on the visible external anatomy of a newborn. Gender generally refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities of women, men and gender-diverse people that occur in a historical and cultural context and may vary across societies and over time. Gender influences how people view themselves and each other, how they behave and interact and how power is distributed in society. Sex and gender are often incorrectly portrayed as binary (female/male or woman/man) and unchanging whereas these constructs actually exist along a spectrum and include additional sex categorizations and gender identities such as people who are intersex/have differences of sex development (DSD) or identify as non-binary. Moreover, the terms ""sex"" and ""gender"" can be ambiguous—thus it is important for authors to define the manner in which they are used. In addition to this definition guidance and the SAGER guidelines, the resources on this page offer further insight around sex and gender in research studies.

Author contributions

For transparency, we require corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor’s specific contribution to the scholarly output. The roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles. More details and an example.

Changes to authorship

Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.
Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.

Article transfer service
This journal uses the Elsevier Article Transfer Service to find the best home for your manuscript. This means that if an editor feels your manuscript is more suitable for an alternative journal, you might be asked to consider transferring the manuscript to such a journal. The recommendation might be provided by a Journal Editor, a dedicated Scientific Managing Editor, a tool assisted recommendation, or a combination. If you agree, your manuscript will be transferred, though you will have the opportunity to make changes to the manuscript before the submission is complete. Please note that your manuscript will be independently reviewed by the new journal. More information.

Copyright / Online license transfer

Elsevier requires you to complete the Procedia CC BY-NC-ND licence agreement, which you can do online.

As soon as Elsevier receives the final article, we will send you an acknowledgment letter containing a hyperlink to the Procedia CC BY-NC-ND licence agreement transfer page. Authors are requested to assign their licence within 3 days of receiving the acknowledgement letter.

The subject line of the message sent to the author will be in English for all procedia titles. Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete an 'Exclusive License Agreement' (for more information see https://www.elsevier.com/OAauthoragreement). Permitted third party reuse of open access articles is determined by the author's choice of user license (see https://www.elsevier.com/openaccesslicenses).

Author rights
As an author you (or your employer or institution) have certain rights to reuse your work. For more information on author rights please see https://www.elsevier.com/copyright.

Elsevier supports responsible sharing
Find out how you can share your research published in Elsevier journals.

Elsevier Researcher Academy
Researcher Academy is a free e-learning platform designed to support early and mid-career researchers throughout their research journey. The "Learn" environment at Researcher Academy offers several interactive modules, webinars, downloadable guides and resources to guide you through the process of writing for research and going through peer review. Feel free to use these free resources to improve your submission and navigate the publication process with ease.

Language (usage and editing services)
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the Language Editing service available from Elsevier's Language Services.

Preparation

This is a camera ready copy (CRC) journal. Please obtain the "MS Word Template/Latex" from the conference organizer. Do not make any changes to the structure of the template as this can lead to production errors.

File format

Files should be in PDF format only, converting the CRC MS Word template provided by the conference organizer. Figures and tables should be embedded and not supplied separately. Please notice that if the file uploaded is not a CRC PDF file, your manuscript will be sent back to you and this may cause delays in the publication process.

Please make sure that you use as much as possible normal fonts in your documents. Special fonts, such as fonts used in the Far East (Japanese, Chinese, Korean, etc.) may cause problems during processing. To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the 'spellchecker' function of MS Word before converting the document in to PDF.

Paper structure

Papers should be prepared in the following order:
Introduction: to explain the background work, the practical applications and the nature and purpose of the paper.
Body: to contain the primary message, with clear lines of thought and validation of the techniques described.
Conclusion
Acknowledgements (when appropriate)
References
Appendices (when appropriate)
Section headings: should be left-justified, with the first letter capitalised and numbered consecutively, starting with the Introduction. Sub-section headings should be in capital and lower-case italic letters, numbered 1.1, 1.2, etc, and left justified, with second and subsequent lines indented.

Formatting your document

Please do not alter the formatting and style layouts which have been set up in the template document Procedia CIRP.
As indicated in the template, papers should be prepared in double column format suitable for direct printing onto paper size (A4, 210 mm × 297mm). Do not number pages on the front, as page numbers will be added separately for the preprints and the Proceedings. Leave a line clear between paragraphs.
All the required style templates are provided in the file "MS Word Template" with the appropriate name supplied, e.g. choose 1. Els1st-order-head for your first order heading text, els-abstract-text for the abstract text etc.

i. Title page
The first page should include:

(a) Conference Title
Click on the existing text and enter the name of the conference.

(b) Title
Click on the existing text and enter the title of the paper using Sentence case.

(c) Each author's name and affiliation, including present address
• Authors' names: Remember to include the correct superscript linking to the appropriate affiliation details.
• Affiliations: Remember to include the correct superscript linking to the appropriate author details.

(d) Abstract
Insert an abstract of 50-100 words, giving a brief account of the most relevant aspects of the paper.

(e) Keywords
Insert 5-10 keywords.

Please follow the template style for all the above features.

ii. Tables
All tables should be numbered with Arabic numerals. Headings should be placed above tables, left justified. Leave one line space between the heading and the table. Only horizontal lines should be used within a table, to distinguish the column headings from the body of the table, and immediately above and below the table. Tables must be embedded into the text and not supplied separately.

iii. Illustrations
All figures should be numbered with Arabic numerals (1, 2, …). All photographs, schemas, graphs and diagrams are to be referred to as figures.

Line drawings should be good quality scans or true electronic output. Low-quality scans are not acceptable. Figures must be embedded into the text and not supplied separately.

Lettering and symbols should be clearly defined either in the caption or in a legend provided as part of the figure. Figures should be placed at the top or bottom of a page wherever possible, as close as possible to the first reference to them in the paper.

The figure number and caption should be typed below the illustration in 9pt and left justified.

For further guidelines and information to help you submit high quality artwork please visit: https://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Artwork has no text along the side of it in the main body of the text. However, if two images fit next to each other, these may be placed next to each other to save space.

iv. Equations
Equations and formulae should be typed in Mathtype, and numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in parentheses on the right hand side of the page (if referred to explicitly in the text). They should also be separated from the surrounding text by one space.

v. References
In the text, the number of the reference should be given in square brackets. For references with more than two authors, text citations should be shortened to the first name followed by et al., e.g. Jones [1] discovered that...; Recent results from Brown and Carter [2] and Green et al. [3] indicate that (…).

Only essential references, which are directly referred to in the text, should be included in the reference list.

References must be listed in numerical order at the end of the paper. Do not begin them on a new page unless this is absolutely necessary. They should be prepared according to the sequential numeric system making sure that all material mentioned is generally available to the reader.

Journal references should include: author's surname and initials; initials and surnames of remaining authors; article title (where provided); abbreviated journal title (in italics), year of publication, volume number and page numbers.

References to books should include: author's surname and initials; surnames and initials of remaining authors; the book title (in italics); the place of publication and the name of the publisher; and year of publication. References to multi-author works should include author's surname(s) and initials, the chapter title (where provided); "In:" followed by book title (in italics); initials and name(s) of editors(s) in brackets; volume number and pages; the place of publication and name of the publisher, followed by the year of publication.

Here is an example of some references listed according to the sequential numeric system:

[1] Clark, T., Woodley, R., De Halas, D., 1962. Gas-Graphite Systems, in "Nuclear Graphite" R. Nightingale, Editor. Academic Press, New York, p. 387.
[2] Deal, B., Grove, A., 1965. General Relationship for the Thermal Oxidation of Silicon, Journal of Applied Physics 36, p. 3770.

vi. Footnotes
Footnotes should be avoided if possible. Necessary footnotes should be denoted in the text by consecutive superscript letters. The footnotes should be typed single spaced, and in smaller type size (8pt), at the foot of the page in which they are mentioned, and separated from the main text by a short line extending at the foot of the column. The .Els-footnote. style is available in the “MS Word Template” for the text of the footnote.

vii. General guidelines for the preparation of your text
Avoid hyphenation at the end of a line. Symbols denoting vectors and matrices should be indicated in bold type. Scalar variable names should normally be expressed using italics. Weights and measures should be expressed in SI units. All non-standard abbreviations or symbols must be defined when first mentioned, or a glossary provided.

Please proofread your paper carefully before submitting as it will appear in the published volume in exactly the same form. You will receive no proofs.

Highlights

Highlights are optional yet highly encouraged for this journal, as they increase the discoverability of your article via search engines. They consist of a short collection of bullet points that capture the novel results of your research as well as new methods that were used during the study (if any). Please have a look at the example Highlights.

Highlights should be submitted in a separate editable file in the online submission system. Please use 'Highlights' in the file name and include 3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per bullet point).

Data references
This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.

Preprint references
Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, the formal publication should be used as the reference. If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic, but are not yet formally published, these may be referenced. Preprints should be clearly marked as such, for example by including the word preprint, or the name of the preprint server, as part of the reference. The preprint DOI should also be provided.

Data visualization

Include interactive data visualizations in your publication and let your readers interact and engage more closely with your research. Follow the instructions here to find out about available data visualization options and how to include them with your article.

Research data

This journal requires and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings, which may also include software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.

Below are a number of ways in which you can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. When sharing data in one of these ways, you are expected to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the "References" section for more information about data citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research data page.

Data linking
If you have made your research data available in a data repository, you can link your article directly to the dataset. Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying data that gives them a better understanding of the research described.

There are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, you can directly link your dataset to your article by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more information, visit the database linking page.

For supported data repositories a repository banner will automatically appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.

In addition, you can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (e.g., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).

Mendeley Data
This journal supports Mendeley Data, enabling you to deposit any research data (including raw and processed data, video, code, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a free-to-use, open access repository. Before submitting your article, you can deposit the relevant datasets to Mendeley Data. Please include the DOI of the deposited dataset(s) in your main manuscript file. The datasets will be listed and directly accessible to readers next to your published article online.

For more information, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.

Data statement
To foster transparency, we require you to state the availability of your data in your submission if your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to post. This may also be a requirement of your funding body or institution. You will have the opportunity to provide a data statement during the submission process. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more information, visit the Data Statement page..

Submission guidelines

Submission guidelines for abstracts
A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.

The following list will be useful during the final checking of an article prior to sending it to the Procedia for review. Please consult this Guide for Authors for further details of any item.

• Submit New Manuscript, https://www.editorialmanager.com/procir/default.aspx
• Choose the conference from the drop down menu
• Type in the title in the blank title box
• Please add the first and the last name of the author and tick the box if corresponding author
• Please select the conference name provided in the drop down menu
• Enter the abstract of your article and click on next
• Enter the keywords of your article and click on next
• Please choose the editor for your conference and click on next
• Click on the drop down menu and choose abstract. Attach the file (abstract) and click on next.
• Click on build PDF and submit the abstract to the Journal

Once the abstract is accepted, please proceed with the following steps to submit the full PDF along with the source file. Please make sure that the right conference template is used to upload both files.

Submission guidelines of Final CRC PDF and source file post acceptance of Abstract
Once the guest editor accepts the Abstract, the author will submit the final camera ready PDF and source file for review.

Your paper should not exceed the number of pages specified by the Guest Editor.Your original, final, file, should arrive not later than the deadline set by the Conference Organizers or Guest Editor.

The review process will begin once the files are submitted. The review process would take 3 months which includes review and author revision. The accepted paper is then transmitted to the production system for processing and ScienceDirect hosting. Any revisions before acceptance will be dealt within Editorial Manager based on the decision letter sent by the guest editor.

The PDF generated by Editorial Manager is not suitable for production. To convert the MS Word template file to a suitable PDF file follow these steps:

While creating PDF from Word template the below given steps should be followed to avoid difference in trim size and margins and to avoid decrease in resolution and size of the figure images of the Word template and the PDF created.

Steps in Word 2007 and 2010:

File

Print

Printer

Adobe PDF

Printer Properties

Adobe PDF Settings

Edit

Images

Standard

Downsample

Compression

Color Images

Grayscale Images

Off

Monochrome Image

File name

save

Adobe PDF Settings

Edit

Color

Leave Color Unchanged

Color Management Policies

Adobe PDF Settings

Save As

Save as type

PDF (*.pdf)

Save

In Word 2003 the PDF can be created by using “Convert to Adobe PDF” symbol in tool bar or the required paper size can be adjusted in the Adobe PDF settings given in the Properties tab on the Print option. Please follow the above steps to avoid decrease in resolution and size of the figure images.
The following steps will help you to submit the files:

• Click Submissions Needing Revision in your author account
• Submit the final CRC PDF and the MS Word file (or LaTeX) by selecting Article type. Choose the conference proceedings from the drop down list
• Type in the title in the blank title box
• Enter the keywords of your article and click on next
• Please choose the editor for your conference and click on next
• Attach the files and click on next.
Please note that the source file should be in .docx/.doc or LaTeX format where applies. Docm files are not suitable for further processing and need to be converted to the appropriate format, the guidelines to convert the files is provided in the template file.

After acceptance

AUTHOR INQUIRIES

For inquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission where available) please visit this journal's homepage. You can track accepted articles at https://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an article's status has changed. Also accessible from here is information on copyright, frequently asked questions and more. Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, will be provided by the publisher.

All queries relating to the scientific content, submission date and/or page limit should be referred to the Guest Editor. Any technical questions regarding the preparation of your paper may be directed to the Journal Manager.

Procedia CIRP

Guide for authors

Introduction

Before you begin

Preparation

After acceptance