ISBN,URL,TITLE,AUTHORS,EDITION,VOLUME,PAGES,IMPRINT,BINDING,DESCRIPTION,PUBDATE,USD,Euro,REVIEW,TOC,SUBJECT,BOOK SERIES,SUPER AREA "0-444-51459-7","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444514597"",""Hyperlink"")","Handbook of Magnetic Materials : Volume15","Buschow, K.H.J.;Buschow, K.H.J.","","Volume15 ","688","North-Holland","HC","Hardbound. Volume 15 of the Handbook on the Properties of Magnetic Materials, as the preceding volumes, has a dual purpose. As a textbook it is intended to be of assistance to those who wish to be introduced to a given topic in the field of magnetism without the need to read the vast amount of literature published. As a work of reference it is intended for scientists active in magnetism research. To this dual purpose, Volume 15 of the Handbook is composed of topical review articles written by leading authorities. In each of these articles an extensive description is given in graphical as well as in tabular form, much emphasis being placed on the discussion of the experimental material in the framework of physics, chemistry and material science. It provides the readership with novel trends and achievements in magnetism.","01-DEC-03","295.00 ","295.00 ","...these volumes will be the most comprehensive work to date on the subject of ferromagnetism ... wherever the experimentalists are playing, they will find these volumes a must...,(Physics Today )","Giant magnetoresistance and magnetic interactions in exchange-biased spin-valves for magnetic sensors (R. Coehoorn)Electronic structure calculations of low-dimensional systems (A. Vega, J.C. Parlebas, C. Demangeat)II-VI and IV-VI diluted magnetic semiconductors: New bulk materials and low-dimensional quantum structures (W. Dobrowolski, T. Story)Magnetic ordering phenomena and dynamic fluctuations in cuprate superconductors and insulating nickelates (H.B. Brom, J. Zaanen)Giant magnetoimpedance (M. Knobel, M. Vazquez, L. Kraus)","Magnetic Properties and Materials","Handbook on Magnetic Materials","Physics and Astronomy" "0-444-50986-0","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444509860"",""Hyperlink"")","Frontiers in Viral Hepatitis","Schinazi, R.F.;Sommadossi, J.-P.;Rice, C.",""," ","600","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. Frontiers in Viral Hepatitis provides a compilation of the research from over 40 key opinion leaders in the field of Hepatitis. The book focuses on the latest advances in the search for new, more effective therapeutic options and related topics in viral hepatitis. These include regulatory issues, epidemiology, and emerging viruses; immunology and vaccines; viral hepatitis B and C infections in children; genetics pathology and viral diagnosis; cell systems and animal models; novel therapeutics for hepatitis B and C; resistance and therapeutic strategies in humans; and prevention and treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma. The breadth of information published in this volume provides insight into current prevention and treatment options. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular biology, immunology and pathogenesis of hepatitis viruses have accelerated at a remarkable rate, offering a more comprehensive perspecti","01-DEC-03","295.00 ","295.00 ","","Preface. Acknowledgments. Biographies. Contributors. Regulatory Issues, Epidemiology, and Emerging Viruses 1. Current issues in the regulation and approval of antiviral drugs for hepatitis (B.A. Styrt, R. Fleischer, T. Wu, H.M. Jolson). 2. Molecular and serum epidemiology of HBV and HCV infection and the impact of antiviral agents in China (Xuefeng Liu, R.F. Schinazi). 3. New viruses and their relationship to hepatitis (H.J. Alter). Immunology and Vaccines 4. Virus-specific CD8+ cell immune responses in acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection (G.J.M. Webster, G.M. Dusheiko). 5. Cell-mediated immunity and the outcome of HCV infection in chimpanzees (C.M. Walker). 6. Adoptive immune transfer as a therapeutic approach for persistent hepatitis B virus infection (D. Shouval). 7. Perspectives in HCV vaccine development (E. Depla). Viral Hepatitis B and C Infections In Children 8. Maternal/fetal/pediatric HBV and HCV infections (R.A. Schreiber). 9. Effects of interferon treatment in children with post-transfusional chronic hepatitis B (M. Pop, et al.). Genetics, Pathology and Viral Diagnosis 10. Effects of genotypic variations on hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5B structure and activity (Zhi Hong, et al.). 11. Compartmentalization of hepatitis C viral quasispecies (Xiaofeng Fan, A.C. Lyra, A.M. DiBisceglie). 12. In situ localization of PCR-amplified hepatitis C Virus RNA on human erythrocytes (S. Simon, et al.). 13. Nucleic acid-based antiviral approaches to HBV (H.C. Spangenberg, J.R. Wands). 14. In vitro phenotype of HBV variants in patients with fulminant hepatitis B (M. Sterneck, T. Kalinina). 15. Evaluation of three commercially available HBV viral load assays: dynamic range, precision, and clinical utility (A. Sykes, F. Myrick, C. Wakeford, B. McCreedy). Cell Systems and Animal Models 16. Cell lines that allow regulated expression of HCV proteins: principles and applications (D. Moradpour, et al.). 17. Novel Hepatitis C virus-positive cell line derived from a chimpanzee with chronic HCV infection (B.G. Pavlova, Z. Schaff, G. Eder). 18. A transgenic mouse lineage useful for testing antivirals targeting hepatitis B virus (P.L. Marion, et al.). 19. Evaluation of therapies for hepatitis B virus in the HBV transgenic SCID mouse model (M. Kamkolkar, et al.). Drug Discovery and Development: Novel Therapeutics for Hepatitis B and C 20. Novel approaches in the management of chronic HBV infection (A. Bartholomeusz, P. Furman, S. Locarnini). 21. Antiviral &bgr;-L-nucleosides specific for hepatitis B virus infection (M.L. Bryant, et al.). 22. Toxicological study of the anti-HBV agent &bgr;-L-thymidine (E.G. Bridges, et al.). 23. Pharmacokinetics of &bgr;-L-thymidine and &bgr;-L-2'-deoxycytidine in woodchucks and monkeys (E. Cretton-Scott, et al.). 24. Clevudine: A novel 1-&bgr;-L nucleoside analogue in clinical development for the treatment of HBV infection (G.R. Painter, et al.). 25. Glucosidase/protein folding inhibitors as possible mutation proof anti hepatitis B and C agents (T.M. Block, et al.). 26. Nuclease resistant ribozymes directed against hepatitis C virus RNA plus and minus strand inhibit viral replication of a HCV/poliovirus chimera (L.M. Blatt, et al.). 27. Lack of CD8 receptor expression in human HepG2 cells; implications for HCV therapeutics (P. Tharnish, R.F. Schinazi). 28. Mechanism of laser therapy of viral hepatitis (V. Ovsiannikov). Drug Discovery and Development: Resistance and Therapeutic Strategies in Humans 29. Nomenclature for antiviral resistant human hepatitis B virus mutations in the polymerase region (L.J. Stuyver, et al.). 30. Complex genotypic changes during failure of HBV nucleoside analogue therapy (D. Pillay, et al.). 31. Lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B: efficacy, safety, resistance, and current treatment issues (N.A. Brown). 32. Clinical experience and follow-up with lamivudine in the Asian population (Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen). 33. Impaired response to 5 mU/day interferon treatment in African-Americans with chronic hepatitis C (A. Colantoni, N. De Maria, D.H. Van Thiel). 34. Novel combined approaches to hepatitis C therapies (M. Cornberg, M.P. Manns). 35. Consensus + pegylated interferon (J. Heathcote). 36. Impact of interferon alfa-2b and of combination with ribavirin on progression of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (T. Poynard, et al.). 37. Decorin expression in chronic hepatitis C: effect of interferon alpha treatment (I. Kovaloszky, K. Jármay, J. Dudás, Z. Schaff). Prevention and Treatment Options for Hepatocellular Carcinoma 38. Resolution of hepatic fibrosis as a consequence of interferon therapy for hepatitis C (Y. Shiratori, H. Yoshida, M. Omata). 39. Symptomatic therapies for prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma developing in chronic hepatitis C (H. Yotsuyanagi, Y. Miyakawa, S. Lino). 40. Mutations of the core gene sequence of HCV from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in China (T. Omoya, et al.). 41. Characterization of hepatitis B virus X variants that are integrated and expressed in human hepatocellular carcinomas (Wei Ning Chen, Chong Jin Oon). ","Virology","","Life Sciences" "0-444-51371-X","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/044451371X"",""Hyperlink"")","Gene Transfer and Expression in Mammalian Cells","Makrides, S.C.",""," ","704","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. The production of proteins in mammalian cells is an important tool in numerous scientific and commercial areas. For example, proteins for human therapy, vaccination or diagnostic applications are typically produced in mammalian cells. Gene cloning, protein engineering, biochemical and biophysical characterization of proteins also require the use of gene expression in mammalian cells. Other applications in widespread use involve screening of libraries of chemical compounds in drug discovery, and the development of cell-based biosensors. This book presents a state-of-the-art comprehensive coverage of the technical aspects of gene expression in mammalian cells, written by experienced scientists working at the forefront of the field.","01-AUG-03","220.00 ","220.00 ","","Preface (S.C. Makrides). 1. Protein production in mammalian cells: Expression vectors (S.C. Makrides). 2. Viral-based vectors for gene expression in mammalian cells. 2.1 Herpes simplex virus (J.C. Glorioso). 2.2 Epstein-Barr virus (B. Sugden). 2.3 Simian virus 40 (D.S. Strayer). 2.4 Adeno-associated virus (X. Xiao). 2.5 Adenovirus (B. Massie). 2.6 Vaccinia virus (M.W. Carroll). 2.7 Baculovirus (J.P. Condreay). 2.8 Coronavirus (L. Enjuanes). 2.9 Poliovirus (R. Andino). 2.10 Sindbis virus (H.V. Huang). 2.11 Semliki Forest virus (K. Lundstrom). 2.12 Retroviruses (G. Palù). 2.13 Lentiviruses (F. Wong-Staal). 3. Methods for DNA introduction into mammalian cells (D.C. Gruenert). 4. Lipid reagents for DNA transfer into mammalian cells (D. Scherman). 5. Reporter genes for monitoring gene expression in mammalian cells (J.L. Cook). 6. Gene transfer and amplification in mammalian cells (F. Wurm). 7. Co-transfer of multiple plasmids/viruses to introduce several genes in mammalian cells (F. Wurm). 8. Optimization of plasmid backbone for gene expression in mammalian cells (D. Scherman). 9. Matrix-attachment regions and protein production (N. Mermod). 10. Chromatin insulators and position effects (G. Stamatoyannopoulos). 11. Locus control regions (G. Stamatoyannopoulos). 12. Posttranslational processing, transport and secretion of proteins in mammalian cells (R.J. Kaufman). 13. Pathways of mammalian protein glycosylation (D.A. Cumming). 14. Metabolic engineering of mammalian cells for higher protein yield (M. Fussenegger). 15. Translational regulation in mammalian cells (M. Kozak). 16. Pathways of mammalian messenger RNA degradation (S.A. Liebhaber). 17. Pathways of mammalian protein degradation (W.A. Dunn). 18. Gene targeting techniques for efficient protein production (J. Bode). 19. Intracellular targeting of antibodies in mammalian cells (W.A. Marasco). 20. Inducible gene expression in mammalian cells (M. Fussenegger). 21. Protein production by large-scale mammalian cell culture (D.K. Robinson). 22. Protein production in transgenic animals (Y. Echelard). 23. Protein purification in mammalian cell culture (S.L. Giardina). Index.","Biochemistry / Biophysics","New Comprehensive Biochemistry","Life Sciences" "0-444-51370-1","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444513701"",""Hyperlink"")","Gene Transfer and Expression in Mammalian Cells","Makrides, S.C.",""," ","","Elsevier","TP","Paperback. The production of proteins in mammalian cells is an important tool in numerous scientific and commercial areas. For example, proteins for human therapy, vaccination or diagnostic applications are typically produced in mammalian cells. Gene cloning, protein engineering, biochemical and biophysical characterization of proteins also require the use of gene expression in mammalian cells. Other applications in widespread use involve screening of libraries of chemical compounds in drug discovery, and the development of cell-based biosensors. This book presents a state-of-the-art comprehensive coverage of the technical aspects of gene expression in mammalian cells, written by experienced scientists working at the forefront of the field.","01-AUG-03","80.00 ","80.00 ","","Preface (S.C. Makrides). 1. Protein production in mammalian cells: Expression vectors (S.C. Makrides). 2. Viral-based vectors for gene expression in mammalian cells. 2.1 Herpes simplex virus (J.C. Glorioso). 2.2 Epstein-Barr virus (B. Sugden). 2.3 Simian virus 40 (D.S. Strayer). 2.4 Adeno-associated virus (X. Xiao). 2.5 Adenovirus (B. Massie). 2.6 Vaccinia virus (M.W. Carroll). 2.7 Baculovirus (J.P. Condreay). 2.8 Coronavirus (L. Enjuanes). 2.9 Poliovirus (R. Andino). 2.10 Sindbis virus (H.V. Huang). 2.11 Semliki Forest virus (K. Lundstrom). 2.12 Retroviruses (G. Palù). 2.13 Lentiviruses (F. Wong-Staal). 3. Methods for DNA introduction into mammalian cells (D.C. Gruenert). 4. Lipid reagents for DNA transfer into mammalian cells (D. Scherman). 5. Reporter genes for monitoring gene expression in mammalian cells (J.L. Cook). 6. Gene transfer and amplification in mammalian cells (F. Wurm). 7. Co-transfer of multiple plasmids/viruses to introduce several genes in mammalian cells (F. Wurm). 8. Optimization of plasmid backbone for gene expression in mammalian cells (D. Scherman). 9. Matrix-attachment regions and protein production (N. Mermod). 10. Chromatin insulators and position effects (G. Stamatoyannopoulos). 11. Locus control regions (G. Stamatoyannopoulos). 12. Posttranslational processing, transport and secretion of proteins in mammalian cells (R.J. Kaufman). 13. Pathways of mammalian protein glycosylation (D.A. Cumming). 14. Metabolic engineering of mammalian cells for higher protein yield (M. Fussenegger). 15. Translational regulation in mammalian cells (M. Kozak). 16. Pathways of mammalian messenger RNA degradation (S.A. Liebhaber). 17. Pathways of mammalian protein degradation (W.A. Dunn). 18. Gene targeting techniques for efficient protein production (J. Bode). 19. Intracellular targeting of antibodies in mammalian cells (W.A. Marasco). 20. Inducible gene expression in mammalian cells (M. Fussenegger). 21. Protein production by large-scale mammalian cell culture (D.K. Robinson). 22. Protein production in transgenic animals (Y. Echelard). 23. Protein purification in mammalian cell culture (S.L. Giardina). Index.","Biochemistry / Biophysics","New Comprehensive Biochemistry","Life Sciences" "0-444-50355-2","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444503552"",""Hyperlink"")","Encyclopedia of General Topology","Hart, K.P.;Nagata, Jun-iti;Vaughan, J.E.",""," ","516","North-Holland","HC","Hardbound. This book is designed for the reader who wants to get a general view of the terminology of General Topology with minimal time and effort. The reader, whom we assume to have only a rudimentary knowledge of set theory, algebra and analysis, will be able to find what they want if they will properly use the index. However, this book contains very few proofs and the reader who wants to study more systematically will find sufficiently many references in the book. Key features: • More terms from General Topology than any other book ever published • Short and informative articles • Authors include the majority of top researchers in the field • Extensive indexing of terms ","01-OCT-03","145.00 ","145.00 ",""," ","General Topology","","Mathematics" "0-12-561540-x","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/012561540x"",""Hyperlink"")","Sampling & Analysis of Environmental Chemical Pollutants. A Complete Guide","Popek, E.",""," ","352","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. An excellent introduction to the real world of environmental work, this title helps both college students and working professionals improve their understanding of the data collection process. It covers all phases of data collection (planning, field sampling, laboratory analysis, and data quality assessment), and is a single source comprehensive reference for the resolution of the most common problems that environmental professionals face daily in their work. Why This Title This title is written in a clear and logical manner that is accessible to environmental professionals of all disciplines. It contains hundreds of practical tips on planning, sampling, and interactions with analytical laboratories. Having this text as a desk reference will greatly improve skills in planning and sampling, and elevate understanding of chemical data to a new level. This topic is of importance to a wide range of environmental professionals from a variety of d","01-JUL-03","90.00 ","89.95 ",""," ","Analytical Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-12-044982-X","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/012044982X"",""Hyperlink"")","Handbook of Isolation and Characterization of Impurities in Pharmaceuticals , 5","Ahuja, Satinder;Alsante, Karen",""," ","341","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other regulatory bodies around the world require that impurities in drug substance and drug product levels recommended by the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) be isolated and characterized. Identifying process-related impurities and degradation products also helps us to understand the production of impurities and assists in defining degradation mechanisms. When this process is performed at an early stage, there is ample time to address various aspects of drug development to prevent or control the production of impurities and degradation products well before the regulatory filing and thus assure production of a high-quality drug product. This book, therefore, has been designed to meet the need for a reference text on the complex process of isolation and characterization of process-related (synthesis and formulation) impurities and degradation products to meet critical req","01-JUN-03","195.00 ","195.00 ","","Overview: Isolation And Characterization Of Impurities; Review Of Regulatory Guidance On Impurities; Polymorphic And Solvatomorphic Impurities; Impurities In Drug Products; Strategies For Investigation And Control Of Process And Degradation-Related Impurities; Reference Standards; Sample Selection For Analytical Method Development; Sample Preparation Methods; Isolation Methods I: Thin-Layer Chromatography; Isolation Methods Ii: Column Chromatography; Mass Spectral Characterization; Nmr Characterization Of Impurites; Hyphenated Characterization Techniques; Solving Impurity/Degradation Problems: Case Studies.","Analytical Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-12-044983-8","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0120449838"",""Hyperlink"")","Modeling for Preparative Chromatography","Guiochon, Georges;Lin, Bingchang",""," ","352","Academic Press","TP","Paperback. Nonlinear chromatography is a field that borders both chemical engineering and physical chemistry. In turn, the theory of nonlinear chromatography is the foundation of preparative chromatography, a separation process that has lately become of considerable interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Only chromatography is sufficiently flexible and powerful to satisfy the practical requirements encountered in most difficult separations of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical intermediates. Since ""nonlinear"" behaviour is strictly a mathematical concept, it is difficult to leave mathematics out of any fundamental study of nonlinear chromatography. Therefore, this book will describe the different mathematical models of chromatography, examine the assumptions on which they are based, consider their properties, and discuss their solutions. All this will be done from a mathematical analysis point of view, paying considerable attention to the influence ","01-MAY-03","160.00 ","160.00 ","","CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER II. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL BASIS OF CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER III. MATHEMATICAL BASIS OF CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER IV. THE PROFILES OF SINGLE COMPONENT BANDS IN LINEAR NONIDEAL CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER V. SINGLE COMPONENT, IDEAL, NONLINEAR CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER VI. IDEAL NONLINEAR REACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER VII. THE PROFILES OF SINGLE-COMPONENT BANDS IN NONLINEAR NONIDEAL CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER VIII. TWO-COMPONENT IDEAL NONLINEAR CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER IX. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF CHROMATOGRAPHY PROBLEMS ","Analytical Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-08-044147-5","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0080441475"",""Hyperlink"")","Simulation Methods for ESD Protection Development","Gossner, H.;Esmark, K.;Stadler, W.",""," ","250","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. KEY FEATURES: The FIRST Extensive overview on the subject of ESD simulation Addresses the industry critical issue of reduced development cycles, and provides solutions Presents the latest research in the field with high practical relevance and its results Simulation Methods for ESD Protection Developmentlooks at the integration of new techniques into a comprehensive development flow, which is now available due advances made in the field during the recent years. These findings allow for an early, stable ESD concept at a very early stage of the technology development, which is essential now development cycles have been reduced. The book also offers ways of increasing the optimization and control of the technology concerning performance. Thus making the process more cost effective and increasingly efficient. This title provides a guide through the latest research and technology pres","01-SEP-03","150.00 ","150.00 ","","ESD Basics; parameters for an ESD protection concept; simulation flow; process simulation; ESD device simulation; ESD circuit simulation; Chip-level ESD Verification; outlook","Electrostatics","","Engineering, Energy and Technology" "0-12-436603-1","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0124366031"",""Hyperlink"")","Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis","L'Annunziata, Michael",""," ","1270","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. This updated and much expanded Second Edition is an authoritative handbook providing the principles, practical techniques, and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity from the very low levels encountered in the environment to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, fuel cycle facilities, and in the implementation of nuclear safeguards. The book describes the preparation of samples from a wide variety of matrices, assists the investigator or technician in the selection and use of appropriate radiation detectors, and presents state-of-the-art methods of analysis. Fundamentals of radioactivity properties, radionuclide decay, the calculations involved, and methods of detection provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the analytical procedures. The Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis, Second Edition is suitab","01-AUG-03","185.00 ","185.00 ","","1 Introduction: Nuclear Radiation, Its Interaction with Matter and Radioisotope Decay MICHAEL F. L?ANNUNZIATA I. Introduction II. Particulate Radiation A. Alpha Particles B. Negatrons C. Positrons 1. N/Z Ratios and Nuclear Stability 2. Positron Emission versus Electron Capture D. Beta-particle Absorption and Transmission E. Internal Conversion Electrons F. Auger Electrons G. Neutron Radiation 1. Neutron Classification 2. Sources of Neutrons a. Alpha Particle-Induced Nuclear Reactions b. Spontaneous Fission c. Neutron-Induced Fission d. Photoneutron (γ,n) Sources e. Accelerator Sources f. Nuclear Fusion 3. Interaction of Neutrons with Matter a. Elastic Scattering b. Inelastic Scattering c. Neutron Capture d. Nonelastic Reactions e. Nuclear Fission 4. Neutron Attenuation and Cross Sections 5. Neutron Decay III. Electromagnetic Radiation A. Dual Nature: Wave and Particle B. Gamma Radiation C. Annihilation Radiation D. Cherenkov Radiation E. X-Radiation F. Bremsstrahlung IV. Interaction of Electromagnetic Radiation with Matter A. Photoelectric Effect B. Compton Effect C. Pair Production D. Combined Photon Interactions V. Stopping Power and Linear Energy Transfer A. Stopping Power B. Linear Energy Transfer VI. Radioisotope Decay A. Half-life B. General Decay Equations C. Secular Equilibrium D. Transient Equilibrium E. No Equilibrium F. More Complex Decay Schemes VII. Radioactivity Units and Radionuclide Mass A. Units of Radioactivity B. Correlation of Radioactivity and Radionuclide Mass C. Carrier-Free Radionuclides References 2 Gas Ionization Detectors KARL BUCHTELA I. Introduction: Principles of Radiation Detection by Gas Ionization II. Characteristics of gas Ionization Detectors A. Ion Chambers B. Proportional Counters C. Geiger-Mueller Counters III. Definition of Operating Characteristics of Gas Ionization Detectors A. Counting Efficiency B. Energy Resolution C. Resolving Time D. Localization IV. Ion Chambers A. Operating Mode of Ion Chambers 1. Ion Chambers Operating in the Current Mode 2. Charge Integration Ionization Chambers 3. Pulse Mode Ion Chambers B. Examples and Applications of Ion Chambers 1. Calibration of Radioactive Sources 2. Measurement of Gases 3. Frisch Grid Ion Chambers 4. Radiation Spectroscopy with Ion Chambers 5. Electret Detectors 6. Fission Chambers V. Proportional Gas Ionization Detectors A. Examples and Applications of Proportional Counters 1. Gross Alpha-Beta Counting, Alpha-Beta Discrimination and Radiation Spectroscopy 2. Position-Sensitive Proportional Counters a. Single-Wire Proportional Counters b. Multiwire Proportional Counters c. Microstrip and Micropattern Ionization Counters d. Low-Level Counting Techniques Using Proportional Gas Ionization Detectors 3. Applications in Environmental Monitoring, and Health Physics a. Radon in Water b. Measurement of Plutonium-241 c. Measurement of Iron-55 d. Tritium in Air e. Radiostrontium f. Health Physics VI. Geiger-Mueller Counters A. Designs and Properties of Geiger-Mueller Counters 1. Fill Gas 2. Quenching 3. Plateau 4. Applications a. Environmental Radioassay VII. Special Types of Ionization Detectors A. Neutron Detectors 1. BF3 Tube Construction 2. Detectors for Fast Neutrons a. Long Counter 3. Neutron Counting in Nuclear Analysis of Fissile Materials and Radioactive Waste 4. Moisture Measurements B. Multiple Sample Reading Systems C. Self-Powered Detectors D. Self-Quenched Streamer E. Long-Range Alpha Detectors F. Liquid Ionization and Proportional Detectors G. Dynamic Random Access Memory Devices (DRAMs) References 3 Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors RADOMIR ILIĆ and SAEED A. DURRANI I. Introduction II. Fundamental Principles and Methods of Solid State Nuclear Track Detection A. Physics and Chemistry of Nuclear Tracks 1. Formation of Latent Tracks a. Factors Determining the Production of ?Stable?/Etchable Tracks 2. Visualization of Tracks by Chemical and Electrochemical Etching a. Chemical Etching (CE) b. Electrochemical Etching (ECE) B. Track Detector Types and Properties 1. General Properties 2. Ageing and Environmental Effects C. Track Evaluation Methods 1. Manual/Ocular Counting 2. Spark Counting 3. Advanced Systems for Automatic Track Evaluation D. Basics of Measurement Procedures 1. Revelation Efficiency 2. Sensitivity 3. Statistical Errors 4. Background Measurement 5. Calibration and Standardization III. Measurements and Applications A. Earth and Planetary Sciences 1. Radon Measurements a. Response of Detectors to Radon and Radon Daughters b. Types of Measurement 2. Fission Track Dating 3. Planetary Science a. Lunar Samples b. Meteoritic Samples 4. Cosmic Ray Measurements: Particle Identification B. Physical Sciences 1. Particle Spectrometry 2. Heavy Ion Measurements 3. Neutron Measurements a. Thermal Neutrons b. Fast Neutrons 4. Nuclear and Reactor Physics 5. Radiography 6. Elemental Analysis and Mapping C. Biological and Medical Sciences 1. Radiation Protection Dosimetry/Health Physics a. Radon Dosimetry b. Neutron Dosimetry c. Heavy Ion Dosimetry 2. Environmental Sciences a. Measurement of Uranium and Radium Concentrations in Water, Milk, Soil, and Plants, etc. b. Plutonium in the Environment c. ?Hot Particle? Measurements 3. Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy IV. Conclusion Acknowledgements References 4 Semiconductor Detectors PAUL F. FETTWEIS, JAN VERPLANCKE, RAMKUMAR VENKATARAMAN, BRIAN YOUNG and HAROLD SCHWENN I. Introduction A. The Gas-Filled Ionization Chamber B. The Semiconductor Detector C. Fundamental Differences between Ge and Si Detectors 1. The Energy Gap 2. The Atomic Number 3. The Purity or Resistivity of the Semiconductor Material 4. Charge Carrier Lifetime τ II. Ge Detectors A. High-Purity Ge Detectors B. Analysis of Typical γ Spectra 1. Spectrum of a Source Emitting a Single γ Ray with Eγ<1022 keV 2. Spectrum of a Multiple γ-Ray Source Emitting at Least One γ Ray with an Energy ?1022 keV 3. Peak Summation 4. True Coincidence Summing Effects a. True Coincidence Correction for a Simple Case b. True Coincidence Correction Using Canberra?s Genie2000 Software c. True Coincidence Correction Using Ortec?s GammaVision Software 5. Ge-Escape Peaks C. Standard Characteristics of Ge Detectors 1. Energy Resolution a. The Electronic Noise Contribution (FWHM)elect and Its Time Behavior b. Interference with Mechanical Vibrations and with External RF Noise c. Other Sources of Peak Degradation d. The Gaussian Peak Shape 2. The Peak-to-Compton Ratio 3. The Detector Efficiency a. Geometrical Efficiency Factor b. The Intrinsic Efficiency εi and the Transmission Tγ c. Relative Efficiency d. The Experimental Efficiency Curve e. Mathematical Efficiency Calculations D. Background and Background Reduction 1. Background in the Presence of a Source 2. Background in the Absence of the Source a. Man-Made Isotopes b. Natural Isotopes 3. Background of Cosmic Origin a. ?Prompt? Continuously Distributed Background b. Neutron-Induced ?Prompt? Discrete γ Rays c. ?Delayed? γ Rays 4. Background Reduction a. Passive Background Reduction b. Active Background Reduction E. The Choice of a Detector 1. General Criteria 2. The Germanium Well-Type Detector 3. Limitations to the ?Relative Efficiency? Quoted for Coaxial Detectors 4. The Broad Energy Germanium or ?BEGe? Detector III. Si Detectors A. Si(Li) X-Ray Detectors B. Si Charged Particle Detectors 1. Alpha Detectors a. Factors Influencing Resolution and Efficiency b. Factors Influencing Contamination and Stability c. Stability of the Detection System d. The Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) 2. Electron Spectroscopy and β-Counting 3. Continuous Air Monitoring a. Light-Tightness and Resistance to Harmful Environments b. Efficiency c. Background and MDA Problems in Continuous Air Monitoring IV. Spectroscopic Analysis With Semiconductor Detectors A. Sample Preparation 1. Sample Preparation for Alpha Spectrometry a. Sample Mounting b. Chemical Separation c. Preliminary Treatments 2. Sample Preparation for Gamma Spectrometry B. Analysis?Analytical Considerations 1. Analytical Considerations in Alpha Spectrometry 2. Analytical Considerations in Gamma Spectrometry a. Peak Location b. Peak Area Analysis c. Peak Area Corrections d. Efficiency Calculation e. Nuclide Identification and Activity Calculation References 5 Liquid Scintillation Analysis: Principles and Practice MICHAEL F. L?ANNUNZIATA and MICHAEL J. KESSLER (deceased) I. Introduction II. Basic Theory A. Scintillation Process B. Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Interactions in the LSC C. Cherenkov Photon Counting III. Liquid Scintillation Counter or Analyzer (LSC or LSA) IV. Quench in Liquid Scintillation Counting V. Methods of Quench Correction in Liquid Scintillation Counting A. Internal Standard (IS) Method B. Sample Spectrum Characterization Methods 1. Sample Channels Ratio (SCR) 2. Combined Internal Standard and Sample Channels Ratio (IS-SCR) 3. Sample Spectrum Quench Indicating Parameters a. Spectral Index of the Sample (SIS) b. Spectral Quench Parameter of the Isotope Spectrum or SQP(I) c. Asymmetric Quench Parameter of the Isotope or AQP(I) C. External Standard Quench Indicating Parameters 1. External standard Channels Ratio (ESCR) 2. H-number (H#) 3. Relative Pulse Height (RPH) and External Standard Pulse (ESP) 4. Spectral Quench Parameter of the External Standard or SQP(E) 5. Transformed Spectral Index of the External Standard (tSIE) 6. G-Number (G#) D. Preparation and Use of Quenched Standards and Quench Correction Curves 1. Preparation of Quenched Standards 2. Preparation of a Quench Correction Curve 3. Use of a Quench Correction Curve E. Combined Chemical and Color Quench Correction F. Direct DPM Methods 1. Conventional Integral Counting Method (CICM) 2. Modified Integral Counting Method (MICM) 3. Efficiency Tracing with 14C (ET) 4. Multivariate Calibration 5. Other Direct DPM Methods VI. Analysis of X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, Atomic Electron and Positron Emitters VII. Common Interferences in Liquid Scintillation Counting A. Background B. Quench C. Radionuclide Mixtures D. Luminescence 1. Bioluminescence 2. Photoluminescence and Chemiluminescence 3. Luminescence Control, Compensation and Elimination a. Chemical Methods b. Temperature Control c. Counting Region Settings d. Delayed Coincidence Counting E. Static F. Wall Effect VIII. Multiple Radionuclide Analysis A. Conventional Dual- and Triple-Radionuclide Analysis 1. Exclusion Method 2. Inclusion Method B. Digital Overlay Technique (DOT) C. Full Spectrum DPM (FS-DPM) D. Recommendations for multiple Radionuclide Analysis E. Statistical and Interpolation Methods 1. Most-Probable-Value Theory 2. Spectral Deconvolution and Interpolation a. Spectral Fitting b. Spectrum Unfolding c. Spectral Interpolation 3. Multivariate Calibration IX. Radionuclide Standardization A. CIEMAT/NIST Efficiency Tracing 1. Theory and Principles (3H as the Tracer) 2. Procedure 3. Cocktail Physical and Chemical Stability 4. Potential Universal Application 5. Ionization Quenching and Efficiency Calculations (3H or 54Mn as the Tracer) B. 4πβ?γ Coincidence Counting C. Triple-to-Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) Efficiency Calculation Technique 1. Principles 2. Experimental Conditions X. Neutron/Gamma-Ray Measurement and Discrimination A. Detector Characteristics and Properties B. Neutron/Gamma-Ray (n/γ) Discrimination 1. Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) 2. Time-of-Flight (TOF) Spectrometry XI. Microplate Scintillation and Luminescence Counting A. Detector Design B. Optical Crosstalk C. Background Reduction D. Applications 1. Liquid Scintillation Analysis 2. Solid Scintillator Microplate Counting 3. Scintillation Proximity Assay 4. Luminescence Assays 5. Receptor Binding and Cell Proliferation Assays E. DPM Methods F. Advantages and Disadvantages XII. PERALS Spectrometry XIII. Simultaneous α/β Analysis A. Establishing the Optimum PDD Setting B. α/β Spillover Corrections and Activity Calculations C. Optimizing α/β Discrimination in PDA D. Quenching Effects in α/β Discrimination XIV. Scintillation in Dense (Liquid) Rare Gases XV. Radionuclide Identification XVI. Air Luminescence Counting XVII. Liquid Scintillation Counter Performance A. Instrument Normalization and Calibration B. Assessing LSA Performance C. Optimizing LSC Performance 1. Counting Region Optimization 2. Vial Size and Type 3. Cocktail Choice 4. Counting Time 5. Background Reduction a. Temperature Control b. Underground Counting Laboratory c. Shielding d. Pulse Discrimination Electronics 6. Conclusions References 6 Environmental Liquid Scintillation Analysis GORDON T. COOK, CHARLES J. PASSO, JR., and BRIAN CARTER I. Introduction II. Low-Level Liquid Scintillation Counting Theory A. Sources of Background B. Background Reduction Methods?Instrument Considerations 1. Enhanced Passive/Graded Shielding 2. Active Guard Detectors 3. Pulse Discrimination Electronics a. Pulse shape Analysis (PSA) b. Pulse Amplitude Comparison (PAC) c. Time-Resolved Liquid Scintillation Counting (TR-LSC) 4. TR-LSC Quasi-active Detector Guards a. Slow Scintillating Plastic b. Bismuth Germanate (BGO) 5. Counting Region Optimization a. Region Optimization Procedures and Requirements Under Constant Quench Conditions b. Region Optimization Under Variable Quench Conditions 6. Process Optimization C. Background Reduction Methods ? Vial, Vial Holder, and Cocktail Considerations 1. Vials 2. Vial Holders 3. Cocktail Choice and Optimization D. Background Reduction Methods ? Environment III. Alpha/Beta Discrimination A. Alpha/Beta Separation Theory B. Alpha/Beta Instrumentation 1. The PERALS Spectrometer 2. Conventional LS Spectrometers with Pulse-Shape Discrimination a. Wallac (now PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences) b. Packard Instrument Co. (now PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences) c. Beckman Coulter Inc. C. Cocktail and vial Considerations 1. Cocktail Choice a. Aqueous-Accepting Cocktails b. Extractive Scintillators 2. Vial Choice D. Alpha/Beta Calibration 1. Misclassification Calculations 2. Quenching and Quench Correction of Percentage Misclassification IV. Analysis of Beta Emitting Radionuclides A. Tritium (3H) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis a. Sample Handling b. Sample Preparation c. Sample Purification/Extraction Techniques d. Reference Background Water e. Standards f. Quality Control g. Quality Assurance B. Radiocarbon (14C) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis a. Sample Preparation b. Standards (Primarily for 14C Dating) c. Quality Assurance d. Calculation of Results and Radiocarbon Conventions C. Nickel-63 (63Ni) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis D. Strontium-89 and Strontium-90/Yttrium-90 (89Sr and 90Sr/90Y) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis a. Early LSC Methods b. Recent LSA Methods c. Cerenkov Counting Methods E. Technetium-99 (99Tc) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis F. Lead-210 (210Pb) [Bismuth-210 (210Bi) and Polonium-210 (210Po)] 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis a. Direct Counting by Gamma Spectrometry b. Indirectly by Measurement of its α-emitting Grand-daughter (210Po) c. By Indirect Measurement of its β--emitting Daughter (210Bi) G. Thorium-234 (234Th) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis H. Plutonium-241 (241Pu) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis V. Analysis of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides Using Conventional LS Spectrometers with Pulse Shape Discrimination A. Gross Alpha Measurements B. Radium-226 (226Ra) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis C. Radon-222 (222Rn) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis a. 222Rn Measurements in Air b. 222Rn Measurements in Water D. Uranium 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis E. Transuranium Elements (Np, Pu, Am, Cm) 1. Environmental Occurrence 2. Sample Preparation and Analysis References 7 Radioactivity Counting Statistics AGUSTIN GRAU MALONDA and AGUSTIN GRAU CARLES I. Introduction II. Statistical Distributions A. The Poisson Distribution B. The Gaussian Distribution III. Analysis of a Sample of Results A. Best Estimate of the True Value B. Best Estimate of Precision C. Error Propagation D. Accuracy of the Mean Value E. Combination of Measurements F. The Statement of the Results 1. Combined Standard Uncertainty 2. Rules for Expressing Results IV. Statistical Inference A. Hypothesis Testing B. Confidence Intervals C. Statistical Inference 1. Variance of a Population 2. Variance of Two Populations V. Regression A. Linear Regression 1. Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing VI. Detection Limits A. Critical Levels B. Gamma Spectra 1. High Resolution Gamma Spectra a. False Peaks Distribution b. Minimum Significant Area c. Minimum Detectable Area d. Minimum Counting Time 2. Low Resolution Gamma Spectra a. Sample with a Single Radionuclide b. Sample with Two Radionuclides c. Sample with Several Radionuclides Relevant Statistical Reference Tables References 8 Sample Preparation Techniques for Liquid Scintillation Analysis JAMES THOMSON I. Introduction II. LSC Cocktail Components A. Solvents B. Scintillators C. Surfactants 1. Non-ionics 2. Anionics 3. Cationics 4. Amphoterics D. Cocktails III. Dissolution A. Anions B. Low Ionic Strength Buffers C. Medium Ionic Strength Buffers D. High Ionic Strength Buffers E. Acids F. Alkalis G. Other Types IV. Solubilization A. Systems B. Sample Preparation Methods 1. Whole Tissue 2. Liver 3. Kidney, Heart, Sinew, Brains, and Stomach 4. Feces 5. Blood a. Soluene-350 Method b. Solvable Method 6. Plant Material a. Perchloric Acid/Nitric Acid b. Perchloric Acid/Hydrogen Peroxide c. Sodium Hypochlorite 7. Electrophoresis Gels a. Elution b. Dissolution V. Combustion VI. Comparison of Sample Oxidation and Solubilization Techniques A. What is Solubilization? B. What is Sample Combustion? C. Advantages and Disadvantages 1. Solubilization Methods and Suitability 2. Sample Combustion Methods and Suitability VII. Carbon Dioxide Trapping and Counting A. Sodium Hydroxide B. Hyamine Hydroxide C. Ethanolamine D. Carbo-Sorb E VIII. Biological Samples A. Urine B. Plasma and Serum C. Homogenates D. Solubilization E. Combustion IX. Filter and Membrane Counting A. Elution Situations B. Sample Collection and Filters C. Filter and membrane Types D. Sample Preparation Methods 1. No Elution 2. Partial Elution 3. Complete Elution X. Sample Stability Troubleshooting A. Decreasing Count Rate B. Increasing Count Rate C. Reduced Counting Efficiency XI. Swipe Assays A. Wipe Media and Cocktails B. Regulatory Considerations C. Practical Considerations D. General procedure for Wipe Testing XII. Preparation and Use of Quench Curves in Liquid Scintillation Counting A. Chemical Quench B. Color Quench C. Measurement of Quench D. Quench Curve 1. Preparation of Quench Curves 2. Notes on Using the Quench Curves 3. Color Quench 4. Quench Curve Errors 5. Using a Quench Curve References 9 Cherenkov Counting MICHAEL F. L?ANNUNZIATA I. Introduction II. Theory III. Quenching and Quench Correction A. Internal Standardization B. Sample Channels Ratio C. Sample Spectrum Quench Indicating Parameters 1. Counting Region 2. Quench Correction D. External Standard Quench Correction IV. Cherenkov Counting Parameters A. Sample Volume B. Counting Vials C. Wavelength Shifters D. Refractive Index E. Sample Physical State V. Cherenkov Counting in the Dry State VI. Radionuclide Analysis with Silica Aerogels VII. Cherenkov Counting in Microplate Format A. Sample-to-Sample Crosstalk B. Sample Volume Effects C. Quench Correction VIII. Multiple Radionuclide Analysis A. Sequential Cherenkov and Liquid Scintillation Analysis B. Cherenkov Analysis with Wavelength Shifters IX. Radionuclide Standardization X. Gamma-Ray Detection XI. Particle Identification A. Threshold Cherenkov Counters B. Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) Counters C. Time-of Propagation (TOP) Cherenkov Counters XII. Applications in Radionuclide Analysis A. Phosphorus-32 B. Strontium-89 and Strontium-90(Yttrium-90) 1. Cherenkov Counting of 89Sr with 90Sr(90Y) 2. Sequential Cherenkov Counting and Liquid Scintillation Analysis a. Sequential Analysis Without Wavelength Shifter b. Sequential Analysis With Wavelength Shifter C. Strontium-90(Yttrium-90) Exclusive of Strontium-89 D. Yttrium-90 E. Other Applications XIII. Advantages and Disadvantages XIV. Recommendations References 10 Radioisotope Mass Spectrometry GERHARD HUBER, GERD PASSLER, KLAUS WENDT, JENS VOLKER KRATZ, and NORBERT TRAUTMANN I. Introduction II. Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) A. Principle B. Applications 1. Isotope Ratios with TIMS 2. High Sensitivity Measurements with TIMS III. Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS) A. Principle B. Applications 1. Trace and Bulk Analysis of Nuclear Samples 2. Determination of Radioisotopes in the environment 3. Determination of Isotopic Compositions 4. Depth Measurements IV. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry A. Principle B. Applications 1. Particle Analysis 2. Trace Analysis V. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) A. Principle and Instrumentation B. Sample Introduction 1. Nebulization 2. Hyphenated Systems 3. Laser Ablation C. Applications to Radionuclides VI. Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RIMS) A. Principle B. RIMS Systems and Applications 1. RIMS with Pulsed Lasers 2. RIMS with Continuous Wave Lasers VII. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) A. Principle B. Applications of AMS 1. Radiodating in Archaeology and Other Applications of the Isotope 14C 2. AMS Applications in Geo- and Cosmoscience 3. Noble Gas Analysis 4. AMS in Life Sciences 5. AMS Measurements on Long-Lived Radionuclides in the Environment References 11 Solid Scintillation Analysis MICHAEL F. L?ANNUNZIATA I. Introduction II. Principles of Solid Scintillation A. Solid Scintillators and Their Properties B. The Scintillation Process 1. Gamma- and X-Ray Interactions 2. Neutron Interactions 3. Neutrino Interactions 4. Heavy Ion Interactions C. Conversion of Detector Scintillations to Voltage Pulses III. Solid Scintillation Analyzer A. Scintillation Crystal Detectors 1. Planar Detector 2. Well-Type Detector 3. Through-Hole Detector B. Photomultipliers 1. Dynode Photomultiplier or PMT 2. Microchannel Plate Photomultiplier 3. Semiconductor Photomultiplier a. p-i-n Photodiodes b. Avalanche Photodiodes c. Silicon Drift Photodiodes d. HgI2 Photodiodes C. Pulse Height Discriminators D. Single-Channel Analyzer E. Multichannel Analyzer F. Other Components IV. Concepts and Principles of Solid Scintillation Analysis A. Gamma-Ray Spectra B. Counting and Detector Efficiencies 1. Counting Efficiency 2. Detector Efficiency a. Full-Energy Peak Efficiency b. Total or Absolute Efficiency c. Relative Full-Energy Peak Efficiency C. Sum-Peak Activity Determinations D. Self-Absorption E. Counting Efficiency F. Resolution G. Background V. Automated Solid Scintillation Analyzers A. Automated Gamma Analysis 1. Multiple Detector Design 2. Multiuser Automatic Gamma Activity Analysis 3. Multiple Gamma-Emitting Nuclide Analysis a. Dual-Nuclide Analysis b. More Complex Multiple Nuclide Analysis B. Microplate Scintillation Analysis 1. Solid Scintillation Counting in Microplates 2. Scintillation Proximity Assay (SPA) a. Basic Principles b. Immunoassay Applications c. Receptor Binding Assays d. Enzyme Assays e. SPA in 1536-Well Format f. Other Assays and SPA Kits g. Color Quench Correction h. SPA with Scintillating Microplates VI. Detection of Neutrons A. Gadolinium Orthosilicate, Gd2SiO5:Ce(GSO:Ce) Scintillator B. LiBaF3:Ce Scintillator C. Ce3+-Acrivated Borates D. Barium Fluoride (BaF2) Detectors E. Other Scintillators VII. Scintillation in Plastic Media A. The Scintillation Process in Plastic B. Integral Scintillators 1. Composition 2. Radiation Detection a. Beta Probes and Gauges b. Gas and Liquid Flow Detectors c. Microsphere Scintillators d. Meltable Wax Scintillators e. Meltable Plastic Scintillator f. X- and Gamma-Radiation Detectors g. Neutron Detectors C. Scintillating Fiber Detectors (SFDs) 1. Basic Principles 2. Tomographic Imaging Detectors 3. Two-Dimensional Imaging 4. Neutron and proton Tracking Detectors 5. Avalanche Photodiodes for Scintillating Fiber Readout 6. Multilayer Scintillator Fiber Radioactivity Monitor 7. Directional Neutron Scintillating Fiber Detector VIII. Scintillating-Glass-Fiber Neutron Detectors A. Basic Principles B. Detector Characteristics and Properties C. Applications 1. Neutron Spectrometry in n/γ and n/p Fields 2. Neutron-Beam Imaging 3. Monitors for Illicit Nuclear Material Trafficking 4. Neutron Flux Measurements IX. Bonner-Sphere Neutron Spectrometry X. Lucas Cell XI. Radionuclide Standardization A. 4πβ?γ Coincidence Counting B. Windowless 4π-CsI(Tl) Sandwich Spectrometry XII. Phoswich Detectors A. Simultaneous Counting of α-, β-, γ-Rays or α-, β(γ)-Rays, and Neutrons B. Remote Glass-Fiber Coupled Phoswiches C. Low-Level Counters D. Simultaneous Counting of n/γ/p Fields References 12 Flow Scintillation Analysis MICHAEL F. L?ANNUNZIATA I. Introduction II. Basics of Flow Scintillation Analysis Instrumentation A. HPLC and Scintillation Analyzer B. Liquid (Homogeneous) Flow Cells C. Solid (Heterogeneous) Flow Cells D. Gamma and PET Flow Cells 1. High-energy Gamma Cell 2. Low-Energy Gamma Cell 3. PET Cell E. Narrow-Bore and Micro-Bore Flow Cells F. Criteria for Flow Cell Selection III. Principles of Flow Scintillation Counting A. Count Rates B. Background and Net Count Rate C. Counting Efficiency and Disintegration Rates 1. Static Efficiency Runs a. Independent of the HPLC System b. Dependent on the HPLC System 2. Gradient Efficiency Run D. Minimal Detectable Activity E. Sensitivity, Flow Rate, and Resolution F. Precision G. Detection Optimization 1. Multichannel Analysis 2. Chemiluminescence Detection and Correction 3. Time-Resolved Liquid Scintillation Counting (TR-LSC) H. Instrument Performance Assessment (IPA) IV. Flow Scintillator Selection V. Stopped-Flow Detection VI. Applications A. Single Radionuclide Analysis B. Dual Radionuclide Analysis C. Alpha/Beta Discrimination D. On-Line FSA and Mass Spectrometry (MS) 1. Radio-HPLC-FSA-MS Instrumentation and Interfacing 2. Representative Data E. On-Line FSA and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy 1. Principle of NMR Spectroscopy 2. Radio-HPLC-FSA-NMR System 3. Radio-HPLC-FSA-NMR Representative Data F. On-Line Radio-HPLC-FSA-MS-NMR G. On-Line Nuclear Waste Analysis 1. 3H Effluent Water Monitors 2. 89Sr and 90Sr(90Y) Analysis 3. Other Radionuclides a. Automated On-Line Sorbent Column Extraction Separations b. On-Line Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis References 13 Radionuclide Imaging LORAINE V. UPHAM and DAVID F. ENGLERT I. Introduction II. Film Autoradiography A. Micro/Macro Autoradiography B. Performance of Film Autoradiography Methods 1. Sensitivity 2. Resolution 3. Linear Dynamic Range C. Quantification Methods 1. Techniques for Optimization a. Intensifying Screens b. Fluorography 2. Advantages of Film Autoradiography 3. Disadvantages of Film Autoradiography III. Storage Phosphor Screen Imaging A. Storage Phosphor Technology 1. Phosphor Screen Chemistry 2. Scanning Mechanisms and Light Collection Optics B. Comparison of Storage Phosphor Systems 1. Sensitivity 2. Resolution 3. Linear Dynamic Range C. Quantification Methods 1. Techniques for Optimization 2. Advantages of Storage Phosphor Screen Imaging 3. Disadvantages of Storage Phosphor Screen Imaging D. Applications of Storage Phosphor Screen Imaging 1. Whole Body Autoradiography 2. Receptor Autoradiography 3. High Resolution Protein Gels 4. DNA Microarray Applications IV. Electronic Autoradiography A. Technology 1. The MICAD Detector 2. Digital Signal Processing B. Performance","Analytical Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-08-044195-5","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0080441955"",""Hyperlink"")","Fracture of Polymers Composites and Adhesives II","Blackman, B;Pavan, A;Williams, J.G",""," ","195","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. KEY FEATURES: A collection of the latest research by leading European scientists and engineers Peer reviewed papers ensuring high standards and consistent presentation This volume contains forty-seven peer-reviewed papers selected from those presented at the third ESIS TC4 conference 15-18 September 2002. The role of the committee is to advancing fracture mechanics test methods for polymers adhesive joints and composites, clearly reflected in this collection of the latest research in the field.The selected polymer papers focus on films and the characterization of fracture behavior under cyclic or high rate loading. Papers on adhesive joints under shear and high rate test conditions, as well as the use of fracture mechanics to measure adhesion and predict neutral strength feature prominently. Intense research activity in the areas of angle ply delamination, third direction reinforcement a","01-NOV-03","195.00 ","195.00 ","","Polymers; Slow crack Growth and Fatigue, Essential Work of Fracture, Environmental Stress Cracking, Rate Effects;,Adhesive Joints; Composites; Short Fibre Composites, Laminates, Z-Pinned and Bridging Analysis, Modelling and Lifetime Prediction","Fracture Mechanics","","Engineering, Energy and Technology" "0-444-51498-8","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444514988"",""Hyperlink"")","Murine Homeobox Gene Control of Embryonic Patterning and Organogenesis","Lufkin, T.",""," ","276","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. The first homeobox gene was molecular cloned nearly two decades ago, and since that time tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the distribution of homeobox genes in the genomes of many animal species and the common functional role the encoded homeodomains play in cell-type specification, morphogenesis and development. The amino acid sequence of the homeodomain, as well as the presence of other conserved protein domains, has allowed the classification of homeodomain-containing proteins (homeoproteins) into over thirty separate families (e.g. Hox, Dlx, Msx, Otx, Hmx, Cdx etc.). In many cases a single gene has been shown to fully direct the morphogenesis and development of a complex tissue, organ or even an entire body segment. Yet how this ""master"" regulatory ability of homeoproteins functions at the molecular level to a large degree still remains a mystery, in part owing to our limited understanding of the nature","01-DEC-03","149.00 ","149.00 ","","Hox proteins and their cofactors in transcriptional regulation (M. Featherstone). Cdx homeobox proteins in vertebral patterning (M. Houle, D. Allan, D. Lohnes). Msx genes in organogenesis and human disease (R.E. Maxson, M. Ishii, A. Merrill). Prx, Alx, and Shox genes in craniofacial and appendicular development (F. Meijlink, S. Kuijper et al.). Role of Otx transcription factors in brain development (A. Simeone, J.P. Martinez Barbera et al.). Hox gene control of neural crest cell, pharyngeal arch and craniofacial patterning (A. Iulianella, P.A. Trainor). ","Developmental Biology","Advances in Developmental Biology and Biochemistry","Life Sciences" "0-444-50079-0","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444500790"",""Hyperlink"")","Handbook of Statistics 23: Advances in Survival Analysis","Balakrishnan, N.;Rao, C.R.",""," ","1000","North-Holland","HC","Hardbound. In this book, a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the area of Survival Analysis is provided. Important topics such as Censored and Truncated Data Analysis, Competing Risks Analysis, Proportional Hazards Model, Stochastic Models in Epidemiology, and ROC Curve and Analysis, are reviewed by renowned experts working in this area of research. The coverage includes both theoretical advances as well as applied data analysis. The articles are written in a user-friendly manner and hence will serve as a useful reference source for researchers in the area of Survival Analysis, as well as a guide for students and practitioners interested in this area of research. Key features: • Includes up-to-date reviews on many important topics. • Chapters written by many internationally renowned experts. • Some Chapters provide completely new methodologies and analyses. • Includes some new data and methods of analyzin","01-JAN-04","175.00 ","175.00 ","","Preface. Contributions. Part I. General Methodology Evaluation of the Performance of Survival Analysis Models: Discrimination and Calibration Measures (R.B. D'Agostino, B-H. Nam). Discretizing a Continuous Covariate in Survival Studies (J.P. Klein, J-T. Wu). On Comparison of Two Classification Methods with Survival Endpoints (Y. Lu, H. Jin, J. Mi). Time Varying Effects in Survival Analysis (T.H. Scheike). Kaplan-Meier Integrals (W. Stute). Part II. Censored Data and Inference Statistical Analysis of Doubly Interval-Censored Failure Time Data (J. Sun). The Missing Censoring-Indicator Model of Random Censorship (S. Subramanian). Estimation of the Bivariate Survival Function with Generalized Bivariate Right Censored Data Structures (S. Keleş, M. van der Laan, J.M. Robins). Estimation of Semi-Markov Models with Right-Censored Data (O. Pons). Part III. Truncated Data and Inference Nonparametric Bivariate Estimation with Randomly Truncated Observations (Ü. Gürler). Part IV. Hazard Rate Estimation Lower Bounds for Estimating a Hazard (C. Huber, B. MacGibbon). Non-parametric Hazard Rate Estimation under Progressive Type-II Censoring (N. Balakrishnan, L. Bordes). Part V. Comparison of Survival Curves Statistical Tests of the Equality of Survival Curves: Reconsidering the Options (G.P. Suciu, S. Lemeshow, M. Moeschberger). Testing Equality of Survival Functions with Bivariate Censored Data: A Review (P.V. Rao). Statistical Methods for the Comparison of Crossing Survival Curves (C.T. Le). Part VI. Competing Risks and Analysis Inference for Competing Risks (J.P. Klein, R. Bajorunaite). Analysis of Cause-Specific Events in Competing Risks Survival Data (J. Dignam, J. Bryant, H.S. Weiand). Analysis of Progressively Censored Competing Risks Data (D. Kundu, N. Kannan, N. Balakrishnan). Marginal Analysis of Point Processes with Competing Risks (R.J. Cook, B. Chen, P. Major). Part VII. Proportional Hazards Model and Analysis Categorical Auxiliary Data in the Discrete Time Proportional Hazards Model (P. Slasor, N. Laird). Hosmer and Lemeshow Type Goodness-of-fit Statistics for the Cox Proportional Hazards Model (S. May, D.W. Hosmer). The Effects of Misspecifying Cox's Regression Model on Randomized Treatment Group Comparisons (A.G. DiRienzo, S.W. Lagakos). Statistical Modeling in Survival Analysis and its Influence on the Duration Analysis (V. Bagdonavicius, M. Nikulin). Part VIII. Accelerated Models and Analysis Accelerated Hazards Model: Method, Theory and Applications (Y.Q. Chen, N.P. Jewell, J. Yang). Diagnostics for the Accelerated Life Time Model of Survival Data (D. Zelterman, H. Lin). Cumulative Damage Approaches Leading to Inverse Gaussian Accelerated Test Models (A. Onar, W.J. Padgett). On Estimating the Gamma Accelerated Failure-time Models (K.M. Koti). Part IX. Frailty Models and Applications Frailty Model and its Applications to Seizure Data (N. Ebrahimi, X. Zhang, A. Berg, S. Shinnar). Part X. Models and Applications State Space Models for Survival Analysis (W.Y. Tan, W. Ke). First Hitting Time Models for Lifetime Data (M-L. T. Lee, G.A. Whitmore). An Increasing Hazard Cure Model (Y. Peng, K.B.G. Dear). Part XI. Multivariate Survival Data Analysis Marginal Analyses of Multistage Data (G. Satten, S. Datta). The Matrix-valued Counting Process Model with Proportional Hazards for Sequential Survival Data (K.L. Kesler, P.K. Sen). Part XII. Recurrent Event Data Analysis Analysis of Recurrent Event Data (J. Cai, D.E. Schaubel). Part XIII. Current Status Data Analysis Current Status Data: Review, Recent Developments and Open Problems (N.P. Jewell, M. van der Laan). Part XIV. Disease Progression Analysis Appraisal of Models for the Study of Disease Progression in Psoriatic Arthritis (R. Aguirre-Hernández, V.T. Farewell). Part XV. Gene Expressions and Analysis Survival Analysis with Gene Expression Arrays (D.K. Pauler, J. Hardin, J.R. Faulkner, M. LeBlanc, J.J. Crowley). Part XVI. Quality of Life Analysis Joint Analysis of Longitudinal Quality of Life and Survival Processes (M. Mesbah, J.-F. Dupuy, N. Heutte, L. Awad). Part XVII. Flowgraph Models and Applications Modelling Survival Data using Flowgraph Models (A.V. Huzurbazar). Part XVIII. Repair Models and Analysis Nonparametric Methods for Repair Models (M. Hollander, J. Sethuraman). Subject. Index. Contents of Previous Volumes. ","Statistics","Handbook of Statistics","Mathematics" "0-444-51508-9","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444515089"",""Hyperlink"")","Water Resources Perspectives: Evaluation, Management and Policy","Alsharhan, A.S.;Wood, W.W.",""," ","398","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. Many countries in the world have made great efforts, to remedy the water shortage, by providing financial and technical backing, for water desalination, treatment of wastewater and improved management and conservation techniques. Water ministries, universities and research centres have supported scientific research, and applied the most recent technologies, in search of new and alternative water supplies. Laws have been promulgated, economic and public relation campaigns developed, to promote and encourage the practice of efficient water use and the conservation of this scarce commodity. This book covers water resources and management and provides a new vision of water resources management, water conservation and legislations, water law, and modern techniques of water resources investigation.","01-OCT-03","130.00 ","130.00 ","","Introduction. Managing and allocating water resources: Adopting the integrated water resource management approach (S.J. Toope, K. Rainwater, T. Allan). Water Resources Management and Policy. Integrated water resources management is more a political than a technical challenge (J.A. Allan). Scenarios as a tool in water management: Considerations of scale and application (C. Warwick, K.B. Bakker et al.). Water sustainability: Science or science fiction? Perspective from one scientist (W.W. Wood). Improving irrigation efficiency through technology adoption: When will it conserve water? (N.K. Whittlesey). Lessons learnt from the impact of the neglected role of groundwater in Spain's water policy (R. Llamas). Hydrologic sciences and water resources management issues in a changing world (S. Sorooshian, B. Imam et al.). Arid and Semi-arid Regional Water Resources Management and Policy. The Nile Basin regime: A role for law? (J. Brunnée, S.J. Toope). Biosphere reserves on north-western Egyptian coast, a site for monitoring biodiversity and integrated water management (B. Salem). Contribution of UNESCO-international hydrological program to water resources management in the Arabian Gulf countries (A. Salih). Salinity management for the landscapes and rivers: The Murray-Darling Basin in Australia (R.J. Newman). Alternative water policies for the Gulf cooperation council countries (W.K. Al-Zubari). Reallocation of water and the hydrological effects of climate change: The Upper Rio Grande Basin, southwestern USA (M.E. Campana, L. Scuderi et al.). Water management in the Arabian Gulf Region and a partial solution to water shortages (A.E.M. Nairn). Impact of political, scientific and non-technical issues on regional groundwater modeling: Case study from Texas, USA (K. Rainwater, J. Stovall et al.). Sustainable development and management of water resources in the Arab region (J. Khouri). Water management strategies in the Arabian Gulf countries (M. Al-Senafy, K. Al-Fahad, K. Hadi). The environmental impact of groundwater exploitation in African grasslands: Examples and a case study from the Kalahari region (D.S.G. Thomas). From vision to action: Towards a national policy for integrated water management in Sudan (O.M.M. Ali). Water resources in the United Arab Emirates (Z.S. Rizk, A.S. Alsharhan). Science and Engineering Advances in Support of Water Resources Management. Renewable and non-renewable groundwater in semi-arid and arid regions (M. Edmunds). Groundwater recharge estimates in arid areas using channel morphology and a simulation model (W.R. Osterkamp, L.J. Lane). Enhanced salinization (A.S. Goudie). Timing of recharge, and the origin, evolution, and distribution of solutes in a hyperarid aquifer system (W.W. Wood, Z.S. Rizk, A.S. Alsharhan). Fully-integrated modeling of surface and subsurface water flow and solute transport: Model overview and application (E.A. Sudicky, J.E. Vanderkwaak et al.). From drainage to recharge to discharge: Some time lags in subsurface hydrology (P.G. Cook, I.D. Jolly et al.). Environmental tracers applied to quantifying causes of salinity in arid-region rivers: Results from the Rio Grande Basin, southwestern USA (F.M. Phillips, S. Mills et al.). Climate outlooks for water management adaptation to climate change in the Middle East (R. Washington, M. Swann). Lenses, plumes and wedges in the Sultanate of Oman: A challenge for groundwater management (P.G. Macumber). Later quaternary paleorecharge events in the Arabian Peninsula (S. Stokes, H. Bray et al.). Dating of holocene groundwater recharge in western part of Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Constraints on global climate-change models (W.W. Wood, J.L. Imes).","Geology","Developments in Water Science","Earth and Planetary Sciences" "0-444-51244-6","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444512446"",""Hyperlink"")","Cognition and Emotion in the Brain","Ono, T.;Matsumoto, G.;Llinas, R.R.;Berthoz, A.;Norgren, R.;Nishijo, H.;Tamura, R.",""," ","604","Excerpta Medica","HC","Hardbound. This volume contains the papers presented at the International Symposium on Limbic and Association Cortical Systems held in Japan between 7 and 12 October 2002. One of the goals of neuroscience is to understand the neural mechanisms of the human mind. Cognition and emotion are key factors to approach the problem of the mind; the limbic system and association cortices are crucial brain areas implicated in these mental processes. It is intended to fulfill the need for a broad compendium of the most recent empirical and theoretical advances in the field of cognition and emotion, especially focusing on the roles of the limbic and association cortical systems. This book is not limited to Cognition and Emotion. The papers are categorized in the following 6 parts: Part I: Association cortex: perception, recognition, and memory Part II: Limbic system: memory and behaviour Part III: Limbic system: e","01-OCT-03","220.00 ","220.00 ","","Preface. Part I. Association cortex: perception, recognition, and memory. Somatosensory association cortices (Y. Iwamura). Representation of 3-dimensional world in art and in the brain (H. Sakata, K.-I. Tsutsui, M. Taira). Processing of ""what"" and ""where"" in auditory association cortex (J.P. Rauschecker, B. Tian). Surface representation in the monkey primary viusal cortex (V1) (H. Komatsu, M. Kinoshita). Action selection based on numerical monitoring of self-action (K. Shima et al.). On the organization of face memory (S. Eifuku et al.). One Approach to Understanding the Function of the Frontal Pole (K. Kubota). What information is represented by prefrontal neuronal activity (S. Funahashi, K. Takeda). Wisconsin card sorting test with Macaque monkeys (F.A. Mansouri, K. Tanaka). Part II. Limbic system: memory and behaviour. Structural organization of the efferent channels or the subiculum (N. Ishizuka). Organization of cortico-hippocampal networks in rats related to learning and memory (M.P. Witter). Synaptic plasticity in entorhinal cortex (M.W. Jung, S.H. Yun, M.Y. Cheong). Single cell contributions to network activity in the hippocampus (D.A. Henze, G. Buzsáki). Places and flavours: one-trial paired associate learning as a model of episodic-like memory in the rat (R.G.M. Morris, M. Day). Dissociating space to understand hippocampal function (A.A. Fenton, J. Bureš). The role of the hippocampal complex in long-term episodic memory (L. Nadel et al.). The hippocampus, episodic memory, declarative memory, spatial memory where does is it all come together (H. Eichenbaum). The medial temporal lobe and declarative memory (P.J. Bayley, L.R. Squire). Reference frames and cognitive strategies during navigation: is the left hippocampal formation involved in the sequential aspects of route memory? (S. Lambrey et al.). Spatial and behavioral correlates in nucleus accumbens neurons in zones receiving hippocampal or prefrontal cortical inputs (S.I. Wiener et al.). Part III. Limbic system: emotion and behavioral manifestation. Role of the monkey amygdala in social cognition (H. Nishijo et al.). Dopamine neurons encode teaching signals for learning reward-based decision strategy (T. Satoh et al.). Motivational modulation of taste. (R. Norgren). Integrative function of the amygdala in emotional memory storage (C. Tomaz, J.E. Frank, C. Conde). The contribution of the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex to emotion and motivated behaviour (R.N. Cardinal et al.). Representation of cognitive and motivational context in the primate prefrontal cortex (M. Watanabe). Transmodal coding for reward prediction in the audiovisual thalamus (Y. Komura et al.). Cognitive function of the brainstem cholinergic system (Y. Kobayashi, Y. Inoue, T. Isa). Part IV. Integration and its clinical implication in humans. Consciousness and the thalamo-cortical loop (R. R. Llinás). The face and communication (M. Kawamura). A novel test for the investigation of prosopagnosia (C. Nagai, M. Iwata). Pathogenesis of schizophrenia: temporo-frontal two-step hypothesis (M. Kurachi et al.). Visual grouping and the the right-hemisphere interpreter P.M. Corballis Part V. Molecular and genetic approaches. Role of IP3 receptor in neural plasticity (K. Mikoshiba). Timing determines the neural substrates for eyeblink conditioning (M. Mishina). Role of synaptic integration of dopaminergic and cholinergic transmissions in basal ganglia function (S. Nakanishi et al.). Dopamine D2 receptor-knockout changed accumbens neural response to prediction of reward associated with place in mice (A.H. Tran et al.). Mesocorticolimbic dopamine: a neurochemical link between motivation and memory (A. G. Phillips). Part VI. Computation and theoretical models. Design of a brain computer using the novel principles of output-driven operation and memory-based architecure (G. Matsumoto, H. Tsujino). Vision, emotion and memory: from neurophysiology to computation (E. T. Rolls). Hierarchical MOSAIC for movement generation (M. Haruno, D.M. Wolpert, M. Kawato). Author index. Keyword index. ","Neuroscience","International Congress Series","Neuroscience" "0-444-50645-4","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444506454"",""Hyperlink"")","Molecular Insights to Ion Channel Biology in Health and Disease","Maue, R.A.",""," ","464","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. This book contains fresh perspectives and up-to-date viewpoints on important classes of ion channels from expert researchers around the world, highlighting instances where information about the function and dysfunction of channel molecules has furthered the understanding of their role(s) in the physiology and pathophysiology of cells, tissues and organs. This thoroughly-indexed volume is a valuable resource, and includes over 2,500 references and more than 100 figures and tables. It is designed for a broad audience, from undergraduate science majors and medical students to senior researchers, and will appeal to those from both basic science and clinical perspectives. Most chapters include introductory or background material about the class of ion channels to be discussed before focusing on a specific aspect. There are two exceptions where the chapters are organized in a different way, and instead of focusing on a particular type of ion cha","01-FEB-04","274.00 ","274.00 ","","1. ATP-sensitive potassium channels and insulin secretion diseases (C.G. Nichols, S.-L. Shyngx et al.). 2. The biology of voltage-gated sodium channels (J.H. Caldwell, S.R. Levinson). 3. Towards a natural history of calcium-activated potassium channels (D.P. McCobb). 4. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator: the ABCs (J.W. Hanrahan). 5. Molecular insights to acetylcholine receptor structure and function revealed by mutations causing congenital myesthenic syndromes (S.M. Sine, A.G. Engel et al.). 6. Store-operated calcium channels: properties, functions, and the search for a molecular mechanism (M. Prakriya, R.S. Lewis). 7. Neurodegenerative disease and the neuroimmunology of glutamate receptors (L.C. Gehring, N.G. Carlson et al.). 8. Gap junction mutations in human disease (M.G. Hopperstad, M. Srinivas et al.). 9. Molecular physiology and pathophysiology and CIC-type chloride channels (C. Fahlke). 10. Steroid modulation of GABAA receptors: from molecular mechanisms to CNS roles in reproduction, dysfunction, and abuse (L.P. Henderson, J.C. Jorge). 11. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels: multiple isoforms, multiple roles (M.-C. Broillet, S. Firestein). 12. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the nervous system (J.P. Margiotta, P.C. Pugh). 13. The ENaC/Deg family of cation channels (S. Coscoy, P. Barbry). 14. Vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1): an integrator of noxious and inflammatory stimuli (S. Bevan, A.J. Reeve). 15. Novel roles for aquaporins as gated ion channels (A.J. Yool, W.D. Stamer). 16. Molecular and functional insights into voltage-gated calcium channels (A. Stea, T.P. Snutch). 17. Ion channels and sperm function (R. Felix, I. Lopez-Gonzalez et al.). 18. Ion channels on intracellular organelles (L.K. Kaczmarek, E.A. Jones).","Neuroscience","Advances in Molecular and Cell Biology","Neuroscience" "0-444-51532-1","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444515321"",""Hyperlink"")","Integration of Computer Modeling and Field Observations in Geomorphology","Shroder, J.F.;Bishop, M.P.",""," ","200","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. The integration of classic field-gathered data with new computer models has allowed many new advances in geomorphology, which the 31st Binghamton Millennium Symposium 2000 presents in this latest of the well-known Binghamton book series, the Integration of Computer Modeling and Field Observations in Geomorphology. Conceptual models have been most commonly inferred from analyses of topography and investigator perspectives derived from fieldwork. The main stumbling blocks to understanding surface processes, their interactions, temporal changes, and resulting landforms are the difficulty of observation, geological timescales involved, spatial-scale dependencies, and the inability to attribute differences to either process or age. Physically based computer models have thus become essential tools, primarily because of their ability to explore spatial and temporal trends and to determine the sensitivity of physical inputs to change wit","01-AUG-03","110.00 ","110.00 ","","1. A perspective on computer modeling and fieldwork (J.F. Shroder, Jr., M.P. Bishop). 2. Lateral flow routing into a wetland: field and model perspectives (T.N. Brown, C.A. Johnston, K.R. Cahow). 3. A smoothed-particle hydrodynamic automaton of landform degradation by overland flow (M. Bursik, B. Martínez-Hackert et al.). 4. Modeling runoff and runon in a desert shrubland ecosystem, Jornada Basin, New Mexico (D.A. Howes, A.D. Abrahams). 5. Evaluation of bed load transport formulae using field evidence from the Vedder River, British Columbia (Y. Martin). 6. Channel response to tectonic forcing: field analysis of stream morphology and hydrology in the Mendocino triple junction region, northern California (N.P. Snyder, K.X. Whipple et al.). 7. Mapping, modeling, and visualization of the influences of geomorphic processes on the alpine treeline ecotone, Glacier National Park, MT, USA (S.J. Walsh, D.R. Butler et al.). 8. Modeling large-scale fluvial erosion in geographic information systems (D.P. Finlayson, D.R. Montgomery). 9. Ground penetrating radar: 2-D and 3-D subsurface imaging of a coastal barrier spit, Long Beach, WA, USA (H.M. Jol, D.C. Lawton, D.G. Smith). 10. Drainage basin evolution in the Rainfall Erosion Facility: dependence on initial conditions (J.D. Pelletier). 11. Editorial Board.","Geomorphology","","Earth and Planetary Sciences" "0-7623-1074-X","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/076231074X"",""Hyperlink"")","Studies in Law, Politics and Society, Volume 31","Sarat, A.;Ewick, P.",""," ","188","Jai","HC","Hardbound. This volume of Studies in Law, Politics, and Society presents a diverse array of articles by an interdisciplinary group of scholars. Their work spans the social sciences, humanities, and law. These scholars examine law and culture, the complex intersections of law and policy, and the place of religious values in legal life. The articles published here exemplify the exciting and innovative work now being done in interdisciplinary legal scholarship.","01-DEC-03","90.00 ","90.00 ","","List of contributors. On the Global Stage: Law's Adaptations and Responses. Chaos as Utopia: international criminal prosecution as a challenge to state power (L. Hajjar). Between past and future: the equivocations of the new cosmopolitanism (R. Fine, D. Chernilo). Negotiating for justice, fighting for law: the dialectic of promoting and settling disputes in the current global era (M. Alberstein). Exploring New Resources for Addressing Problems in Legal Theory. Gotta read Kafka: ten reasons why Kafka is crucial for the study of law (K. Mladek). The new revenge and the old retribution: insights from Monte Cristo (L. Ross Meyer). Concepts and localities: Badiou, Deluze and Law (N. Moore). ","Sociology (General)","Studies in Law, Politics and Society","Social and Behavioral Sciences" "0-444-50893-7","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444508937"",""Hyperlink"")","Unimolecular Kinetics","Green, N.",""," ","260","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. Unimolecular reactions are in principle the simplest chemical reactions, because they only involve one molecule. The basic mechanism, in which the competition between the chemical reaction step and a collisional deactivation leads to a pressure-dependent coefficient, has been understood for a long time. However, this is a rapidly developing field, and many new and important discoveries have been made in the past decade. This First Part Part of Two CCK Volumes dealing with Unimolecular Rections, deals with the Reaction Step. The first chapter is an introduction to the whole project, aiming to cover the material necessary to understand the content of the detailed chapters, as well as the history of the development of the area. Chapter 2 is a review of the modern view of the statistical theories, as embodied in the various forms of RRKM theory. Chapter 3 deals with the fully quantum mechanical view of reactive states as resonances.","01-NOV-03","155.00 ","155.00 ","","Introduction (N.J.B. Green). Introduction. Failures of the Lindemann theory. RKK theory. Slater theory. RKKM theory.. Statistical adiabatic channel model. Improved models of energy transfer. RRKM Theory and Its Implementation (S.J. Klippenstein). Background. Derivation of RRKM theory. Reactions with barriers. Vibrational anharmonicities and non-rigidities. Barrierless reactions. Summary. State-Specific Dynamics of Unimolecular Dissociation (S. Yu. Grebenshchikov et al.). Introduction. Resonance formulation of unimolecular decay. Experimental approaches. Computational methods. Mode-specific dissociation. Statistical state-specific dissociation. Product state distributions. Classical calculations. Outlook. ","Chemical Kinetics","Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-444-51569-0","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444515690"",""Hyperlink"")","Nonlinear Theory of Pseudodifferential Equations on a Half-Line","Hayashi, Nakao;Kaikina, Elena",""," ","340","North-Holland","HC","Hardbound. This book is the first attempt to systematically develop a general theory of the initial-boundary value problems for nonlinear evolution equations ut + N(u) + Ku = f, with pseudodifferential operators Ku on a half-line or on a segment, where the nonlinear term N(u) depends on the unknown function u(x,t) and its derivatives. We study traditionally important problems of a theory of nonlinear partial differential equations, such as local and global existence of classical and generalized solutions to the initial-boundary value problem, properties of smoothing of discontinuous initial perturbations and the asymptotic behavior of solutions for large time. Up to now the theory of nonlinear initial-boundary value problems with a general pseudodifferential operator K involving dispersive or dissipative equations, such as Korteweg-de Vries and nonlinear Schrödinger equations, has not been well developed due to its difficulty. The","01-JAN-04","98.00 ","98.00 ","","Introduction. 1 Preliminaries 1.1 Laplace transform 1.1.1 Definition and main properties 1.1.2 Inverse Laplace Transform 2 Sobolev spaces 2.2.1 Weighted Sobolev spaces with integer order 2.2.2 Sobolev spaces of noninteger order 3 General Theory 3.1 Pseudodifferential Operator on a Half-Line 3.1.1 Laplace integral representation and a class of symbols 3.1.2 Asymptotics of inverse functions 3.2 Boundary Value Problem on a Half-Line 3.2.1 Definitions 3.2.2 Linear problem 3.2.3 Green operator 3.2.4 A general lemma 4 Nonlinear Schrodinger Type Equations 4.1 Setting of the problem 4.2 Linear problem 4.3 Local existence for nonlinear problem 4.4 Asymptotics determined by the boundary data 4.5 Asymptotics determined by nonlinearity 5 Whitham Equation 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Linear problem 5.3 Preliminaries 5.4 Local existence 5.5 Large time asymptotics 6 Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers Equation 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Linear problem 6.3 Preliminaries 6.4 Local existence for linear case 6.5 Local existence for nonlinear problem 6.6 Large time asymptotics 7 Large Initial Data 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Linear problem 7.3 Local existence 7.4 Preliminary estimates 7.5 Global existence 8 KdV-B Type Equation 8.1 Setting of the problem 8.2 Linear problem 8.3 Energy estimate 8.4 Local existence 8.5 Large time asymptotics 9 Dirichlet Problem for KdV Equation 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Linear problem 9.3 Preliminaries 9.4 Global existence 10 Neumann Problem for KdV Equation 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Linear problem 10.3 Preliminaries 10.4 Local existence 10.5 Proof of Theorem 11 Landau-Ginzburg Equations 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Preliminaries 11.3 Proof of Theorem 12 Burgers Equation with Pumping 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Rarefaction wave 12.3 Shock wave 12.4 Zero boundary conditions 13 KdVB Equation on a Segment 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Linear problem 13.3 Local existence for the nonlinear problem 13.4 Large time asymptotics 13.5 Large initial data 14 NLS Equation on Segment 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Linear problem 14.3 Global existence 15 Periodic Problem 15.1 Introduction 15.1.1 Periodic problem and physical examples 15.1.2 Small initial data 15.1.3 Large initial data 15.1.4 Applications 15.2 Preliminary estimates 15.3 Proof of theorems 15.3.1 Local existence 15.3.2 Proof of Theorem 1 15.3.3 Initial data with zero mean value 15.3.4 Potential equations for small initial data 15.3.5 Oscillating nonlinearities for small initial data 15.3.6 Proof of Theorem 2 15.3.7 Proof of Theorem 3 15.3.8 Proof of Theorem 4 15.3.9 Oscillating asymptotics for large initial data 15.3.10 Proof of Theorem 5 15.3.11 Proof of Theorem 6 15.3.12 Whitham equation with weak dissipation Bibliography. Index","Partial Differential Equations","North-Holland Mathematics Studies","Mathematics" "0-7623-1061-8","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0762310618"",""Hyperlink"")","Inequality Across Societies","Baker, David;Fuller, Bruce;Hannum, Emily;Werum, Regina",""," ","274","Jai","HC","Hardbound. Most societies place great faith in the modern school's power to offer children a more prosperous future, from better jobs to wider social opportunities. In turn, political leaders around the world push to expand western forms of schooling, creating more slots for children, from preschool through university levels. Yet despite this remarkable institutional change, are societies becoming equitable, especially for those groups living on the margins of civil society? Why, in too many cases, has schooling failed to deliver on its promise of reducing economic and social disparities? This volume addresses these questions, taking the reader into a variety of nations and cultural settings. With studies from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia, the volume illuminates how schools can reduce or reinforce the layered stratification of society, even in nations with non-western traditions. The contributors, diverse in their own origins and viewpoints","01-NOV-03","90.00 ","90.00 ","","Introduction - inequality across societies: families, schools, and persisting stratification (B. Fuller, E. Hannum). Grandmothers, child care, and educational advantage in China (S.E. Short, Rongjun Sun). Educational expansion and inequality in Korea (Hyunjoon Park). Educational opportunities for boys and girls in Thailand (S.R. Curran et al.). (A. Varangrat). Pursuing quality: migration among college students in Japan (Hiroshi Ono). Commentary: educational stratification in Asia: emerging issues, new insights (E. Hannum, B. Fuller). Egalitarianism versus social reproduction: changes in educational stratification in Eastern Europe (R. Sin-Kwok Wong). Parents, partners, and credentials: mobility in the United States and Germany (P.A. Mcmanus). Heating up the aspirations of Israeli Arab youth (G. Yair et al.). Evolving educational pathways in West Africa S.L. Morgan, W.R. Morgan). Women in higher education: understanding cross-national differences (K. Bradley, M.Charles). Commentary: inequality and schooling as an institution: future directions in comparative research (R.E. Werum, D.P. Baker)","Education (General)","Research in the Sociology of Education (Formerly known as Research in the Sociology of Education and Socialisation)","Social and Behavioral Sciences" "0120405385","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0120405385"",""Hyperlink"")","Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry , 38","Doherty, A.M.",""," ","480","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry provides timely and critical reviews of important topics in medicinal chemistry together with an emphasis on emerging topics in the biological sciences, which are expected to provide the basis for entirely new future therapies. ","01-SEP-03","92.00 ","92.00 ","""This series is one of the very few annual publications which justify the title of an absolute must for the pharmacologist, chemist, or physician who is interested in the chemistry of drug development."" ,(Praise for the Series , --ENZYMOLOGIA );,""This book is strongly recommended for researchers, teachers, students, administrators-in short, anyone whose interests impinge on medicinal chemistry. In view of the work's documented reference value, it is a must for inclusion in the scientist's personal library."" ,(Praise for the Series , --JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY );,""All topics are covered in sufficient depth, with extensive references, to allow either the specialist or the novice to be informed of the latest developments in a particular area of medicinal chemistry."" ,(Praise for the Series , --JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES )","Central Nervous System Diseases. Cardiovascular And Metabolic Diseases. Inflammatory, Pulmonary, And Gastrointestinal Diseases. Cancer And Infectious Diseases. Topics In Biology. Topics In Drug Design And Discovery. Trends And Perspectives. ","Organic Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-444-51443-0","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444514430"",""Hyperlink"")","Radiation and Humankind","Shibata, Y.;Yamashita, S.;Watanabe, M.;Tomonaga, M.",""," ","328","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. This volume is a compilation of 38 papers presented at the First Nagasaki Symposium of the International Consortium for Medical Care of Hibakusha and Radiation Life Science held in Japan on 21 and 22 February 2003. The use of radiation has extended to various fields including medicine, agriculture, science and engineering, and atomic energy has come to comprise a significant portion of the electric power generated in several advanced countries. The effects of radiation on human health have been investigated in atomic bomb survivors for more than half a century, and the knowledge thus obtained has greatly enriched our understanding. The Chernobyl accident, however, indicated that exposure to low doses of radiation affects human health in a way different from that observed in atomic bomb survivors. Recognizing the importance of research on low dose or low dose rate radiation, the above event was launched as a 21st Century COE Program wi","01-NOV-03","127.00 ","127.00 ","","Preface. Greeting Addresses. COE Program. International Consortium for Medical Care of Hibakusha and Radiation Life Science: a multidisciplinary program of Nagasaki University for the 21st Century Center of Excellence (COE) in Japan (M. Tomonaga). Keynote lectures. Radioadaptive response and genomic instability: a phenotypic dichotomy of genome-environment interaction (M.S. Sasak). The Chernobyl Tissue Bank - integrating international research on thyroid cancer (G.A. Thomas). Hallmarks of radiation carcinogenesis: ignored concepts (J.E. Trosko, C.-C. Chang). Overview of studies on atomic bomb survivors. The researches at Nagasaki University on atomic bomb survivors (I. Sekine). The scientific program of RERF (B.G. Bennett). Epidemiological and molecular studies in global radio-contaminated areas. Current situation and future planning of molecular epidemiology of radiation health effects around Chernobyl and Semipalatinsk (S. Yamashita). Risk of radiogenic malignant and benign thyroid diseases for the population of Oryol oblast after the Chernobyl accident: outcome of large-scale epidemiological studies (V.K. Ivanov et al.). Regularities of somatic gene mutagenesis in radiation-exposed individuals (A.A. Saenko, I.A. Zamulaeva). Overview of research and future prospects in radiation medicine based on the current health status in Belarus (P.I. Bespalchuk et al.). Thyroid gland and radiation (Ukrainian-American Thyroid Project) (M.D. Tronko et al.). Medical consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident in Ukraine (V.G. Bebeshko). Medical monitoring results of survivors with acute radiation syndrome after Chernobyl disaster (V.G. Bebeshko et al.). Fallout exposure and health condition of the population in the Semipalatinsk region of Kazakhstan (M.K. Teleuov). Morphological investigation of thyroid and parathyroid glands of the population living around Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (Yu.V. Pruglo et al.). Comparative investigation of somatic gene mutagenesis and apoptosis in patients with benign, malignant tumors and healthy individuals (I.A. Zamulaeva, A.A. Saenko). Characterization of a novel rearrangement from the ret/PTC family in a case of radiation-associated human thyroid papillary carcinoma (V.A. Saenko et al.). Modulation of radiosensitivity of thyroid cancer cells by inhibition of NF-&kgr;B signaling (D.V. Starenki et al.). Selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, STI571, inhibits growth of p53 mutant anaplastic thyroid cancer cells by inducing S-G2 transition arrest (A.P. Podtcheko et al.). Molecular features of mitochondrial DNA in radiation-associated thyroid tumors (T.I. Rogounovitch et al.). Characteristics of mitochondrial DNA in the peripheral blood cells of residents of Kazakhstan around Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (A. Hamada et al.). Involvement of Wnt pathway in thyroid cancer around Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (S.K. Meirmanov et al.). Research challenge in radiation biology to low level radiation. Ionizing radiation-induced activation of ATF-2 phosphorylation and atf3 expression is dependent on ATM and NBS kinases (J. Kool et al.). Persistent oxidative stress and gene expression changes in radiation-induced genomic instability (A.R. Snyder, W.F. Morgan). Development of photon microbeam irradiation system for radiobiology (K. Kobayashi et al.). The European Masters of Science Course in Radiation Biology (K.M. Prise, B.D. Michael, K.R. Trott). Clusterin: a protein with multiple functions as a potential ionizing radiation exposure marker (D. Klokov et al.). Cellular radiosensitivity and cell-type-specific activation of apoptosis signaling pathways (F. Suzuki et al.). Radiation sensitivity and mutation position of p53 (K. Okaichi, M. Ide, Y. Okumura). Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by extremely low-dose ionizing radiation (K. Suzuki, S. Kodama, M. Watanabe). Accumulation of alanine mutant p53 at Ser15, Thr18, and Ser20 after X-irradiation (M. Yamauchi et al.). Radiation-induced genomic instability triggered by telomere dysfunction (S. Kodama et al.). High susceptibility to the induction of genetic instability by radiation in DNA repair deficient cells (A. Urushibara et al.). Radiation-induced delayed chromosomal instability caused by large deletion (M. Ojima et al.). A novel radiosensitizing therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancers (A. Ohtsuru et al.). Heat stress and gap junctions (N. Hamada et al.). Single-particle irradiation system to cell at National Institute of Radiological Sciences (H. Yamaguchi et al.). Developing a scientific basis for radiation risk estimates: major goal of the DOE Low Dose Radiation Research Program (A.L. Brooks). List of participants. Author index. Keyword index.","Public, Environmental and Occupational Health","International Congress Series","Medicine" "0080443745","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0080443745"",""Hyperlink"")","Advanced Free Radical Reactions for Organic Synthesis","Togo, Hideo",""," ","264","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. Free radical reactions have become increasingly important and a very attractive tool in organic synthesis in the last two decades, due to their powerful, selective, specific, and mild reaction abilities. Advanced Free Radical Reactions for Organic Synthesis reviews information on all types of practical radical reactions, e.g. cyclizations, additions, hydrogen-atom abstractions, decarboxylation reactions. The book usefully provides experimental details for the most important reactions as well as numerous references to the original literature. By covering both the fundamentals and synthetic applications it is therefore suitable for both new and experienced researchers, chemists, biochemists, natural product chemists and graduate students. This title is the definitive guide to radical chemistry for all scientists.","01-FEB-04","178.00 ","178.00 ","","1. What are Free Radicals? General Aspects of Free Radicals. -Aspects of free radicals. -Types of free radicals. -Reaction style of radicals. -Orientation in radical additions. -Reactivity in radical additions. -Reaction patterns of radicals. -Generation of radicals. Familiar and Close Radicals in Our Lives. Stable Free Radicals. Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Free Radicals. -Orbital interactions between radicals and olefins. -Baldwin?s rule. -Rate constants in radical reactions. 2. Functional Group Conversion Radical Coupling Reactions. Radical Reduction. Conversion to Hydroxy Group and Other Functional Groups. 3. Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations Cyclization to Small-Sized Rings. -Cyclization onto olefinic group and acetylenic group by sp3 carbon-centered radicals. -Cyclization onto Olefinic Group and Aromatic Group by sp2 Carbon-Centered Radicals. -Generation of sp carbon-centered radicals. -Cyclization onto carbonyl group by sp3 or sp2 carbon-centered radicals and other related cyclizations. Cyclization to Medium-Sized and Large-Sized Rings. Ring Expansions. Cyclization to Spiro Skeleton. Tandem Cyclization to Polycyclic Rings. 4. Intermolecular Radical Addition Reactions Addition to Olefins. -Reductive conditions. -Oxidative conditions. -Photochemical conditions. -Addition-elimination reactions. Allylation Reactions. Addition-Cyclization Reactions. Reactions with Carbon Monoxide. Addition to Acetylenes. 5. Alkylation of Aromatics Oxidative Conditions. Non-Oxidative Conditions. Photochemical Conditions. Others. 6. Intramolecular Hydrogen-Atom Abstraction Hydrogen-atom Abstraction by Oxygen-Centered Radicals: Barton Reaction. Hydrogen-atom Abstraction by Nitrogen-Centered Radicals: Hofmann-Loffler-Freytag Reaction. Hydrogen-atom Abstraction by Carbon-Centered Radicals. 7. Synthetic Uses of Free Radicals for Nucleosides and Sugars: Barton-McCombie Reaction 8. Barton Decarboxylation Reaction with N-hydroxy-2-thiopyridone Reduction. Conversion to Halides. Conversion to Chalcogenides. Conversion to Other Functional Groups. Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation. -Intramolecular radical cyclization. -Intermolecular coupling reaction. -Intermolecular addition reaction. -Alkylation of aromatics. -Others. 9. Free Radical Reactions with Metal Hydrides 10. Stereochemistry in Free Radical Reactions Reduction. Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation. 11. Free Radicals Related to Biology Vitamin B12. Ene-diyne Reactions: Bergman Cyclization. Radical 1,2-Acyloxy Transfer. 12. Free Radicals for Green Chemistry Design of Free Radical Precursors. Application of Free Radicals to Environmentally Benign Synthesis.","Organic Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0121257517","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0121257517"",""Hyperlink"")","Acetylenes, Allenes and Cumulenes","Brandsma, Lambert",""," ","512","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. As part of the acclaimed best synthetic methods series this title provides scientists with practical experimental examples demonstrating the most effective techniques for the synthesis and reactions of acetylenes, allenes and cumulenes. With the emphasis on practical laboratory use, this volume represents a comprehensive and useful manual for the modern synthetic organic chemistry of compounds containing a triple bond or cumulative double bonds. Whether new to the area or an expert, this book should provide all scientists with a convenient practical handbook.","01-DEC-03","219.00 ","219.00 ","","Procedures and Equipment. Preparation, Purification and Storage of Some Solvents and Reagents. Generation of Metallated Acetylenes, Allenes and Cumulenes. Reactions of Metallated Acetylenes and Allenes with Alkylating Agents. Reactions with Aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylation, Acylation and Related Reactions. Silylation, Stannylation and Phosphorylation. Sulfenylation and Related Reactions. Halogenation of Acetylenes. Acetylenes, Allenes and Cumulenes by Elimination Reactions. Cumulenes by Dehalogenation of Geminal Dihalogenocyclopropanes. Acetylenic and Allenic Derivatives by Substitution on sp- and sp2-Carbon. Aminoalkylation of Acetylenic Compounds. Cross-Coupling between 1-Alkynes and 1-Bromo-1-alkynes. Copper Halide-Catalysed Oxidative Coupling of Acetylenes. Transition Metals-Catalysed Couplings of Acetylenes with sp2-Halides. Base-Catalysed Isomerisations of Acetylenic Compounds. Allenic Compounds by 2,3- and 3,3-Sigmatropic Rearrangements. Miscellaneous Reactions of Acetylenic and Allenic Compounds. Transformation of Functional Groups in Acetylenic and Allenic Compounds. ","Chemistry - General","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0124725317","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0124725317"",""Hyperlink"")","Statistics in Spectroscopy","Mark, Howard;Workman, Jr., Jerry",""," ","340","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. Statistics in Spectroscopy, Second Edition, is an expanded and updated version of the original title. The aim of the book is to bridge the gap between the average chemist/spectroscopist and the study of statistics. This second edition differs from the first in that expanded chapters are incorporated to highlight the relationship between elementary statistics and the more advanced concepts of chemometrics. The book introduces the novice reader to the ideas and concepts of statistics and uses spectroscopic examples to show how these concepts are applied. The advent of instrumentation and methods of data analysis based on multivariate mathematics has created a need to introduce the non-statitician to the ideas, concepts and thought processes of statistics and statisticians. Several key statistical concepts are introduced through the use of computer programs. The new sections on chemometrics include an exercise showing that there is a deep and fu","01-OCT-03","120.00 ","120.00 ","","Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION-WHY THIS BOOK? Chapter 2 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS FROM PROBABILITY THEORY Chapter 3 POPULATIONS AND SAMPLES: THE MEANING OF ""STATISTICS"" Chapter 4 DEGREES OF FREEDOM Chapter 5 INTRODUCTION TO DISTRIBUTIONS AND PROBABILITY SAMPLING Chapter 6 THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION Chapter 7 ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO CALCULATE STANDARD DEVIATION.. Chapter 8 THE CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM Chapter 9 SYNTHESIS OF VARIANCE Chapter 10 WHERE ARE WE AND WHERE ARE WE GOING? Chapter 11 MORE AND DIFFERENT STATISTICS Chapter 12 THE T-STATISTIC Chapter 13 DISTRIBUTION OF MEANS Chapter 14 ONE-AND TWO-TAILED TESTS Chapter 15 PHILOSOPHICAL INTERLUDE Chapter 16 BIASED AND UNBIASED ESTIMATORS Chapter 17 THE VARIANCE OF VARIANCE Chapter 18 HYPOTHESIS TESTING OF CHI-SQUARE Chapter 19 MORE HYPOTHESIS TESTING Chapter 20 STATISTICAL INFERENCES Chapter 21 HOW TO COUNT Chapter 22 AND STILL COUNTING Chapter 23 CONTINGENCY TABLES Chapter 24 WHAT DO YOU MEAN, RANDOM? Chapter 25 THE F-STATISTIC Chapter 26 PRECISION AND ACCURACY: INTRODUCTION TO ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE Chapter 27 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE AND STATISTICAL DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS Chapter 28 CROSSED AND NESTED EXPERIMENTS Chapter 29 MISCELLANEOUS CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE Chapter 30 PITFALLS OF STATISTICS Chapter 31 PITFALLS OF STATISTICS CONTINUED Chapter 32 CALIBRATION IN SPECTROSCOPY Chapter 33 CALIBRATION: LINEAR REGRESSION AS A STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE Chapter 34 CALIBRATION: ERROR SOURCES IN CALIBRATION Chapter 35 CALIBRATION: SELECTING THE CALIBRATION SAMPLES Chapter 36 CALIBRATION: DEVELOPING THE CALIBRATION MODEL Chapter 37 CALIBRATION: AUXILIARY STATISTICS FOR THE CALlBRATION MODEL Chapter 38 THE BEGINNING","Chemistry - General","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-12-303953-3","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0123039533"",""Hyperlink"")","Thiophenes","Gronowitz, Salo;Hornfeldt, Anna-Britta",""," ","960","Academic Press","HC","Hardbound. There is a vast and often bewildering array of synthetic methods and reagents available to organic chemists today. The Best Synthetic Methods series allows any scientist who is interested in the chemical transformations of molecules to choose between all the alternatives and assess their real advantages and limitations. With the emphasis on laboratory use, these volumes represent a comprehensive and practical guide to modern synthetic organic chemistry. This book is the product of the authors many years practical experience and reading of the original literature. It contains a valuable distillation and critical evaluation of the Best Synthetic Methods for the formation and reaction of thiophenes (five membered heterocycles containing a ring sulfur) or polymers containing a thiophene functionality (thienyls). A brief review of each area is provided, but the emphasis in all cases is on describing efficient practical methods to effect the tran","01-DEC-03","286.00 ","286.00 ",""," ","Organic Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-7623-1076-6","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0762310766"",""Hyperlink"")","Accounting and Accountability in Emerging and Transition Economies","Hopper, T.;Hoque, Z.",""," ","488","Jai","HC","Hardbound. This special edition (Supplement 2) of Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies (RAEE) is about the science, art, and craft of transforming accounting and accountability in emerging and transition economies. Accounting in less developed countries and, more recently, countries in transition from the communist to the capitalist systems has been a neglected area of research, possibly because of the Western-centric nature of leading research journals. This neglect is surprising for accounting is vital for the success of widespread market-based policies for economic development. Neglect of accounting issues (which is common) can imperil the overall policy aims. Fortunately, as the papers in this special issue bear testament, a lively and growing research literature is beginning to emerge on such topics in response to practical problems that are becoming manifest. The supplement presents an intriguing combination of 21 chapters, sep","01-DEC-03","90.00 ","90.00 ","","Foreword (R.S. Olusegun Wallace†). About the guest editors. List of contributors. Reviewers of the Special Issue. Introduction. Changing forms of accounting and accountability within emerging economies (T. Hopper, Z. Hoque - Guest Editors).Theme 1: Structural Adjustment Programs amd External Financial Agencies. Economic and political reforms in the Central Pacific Republic of Kiribati (K. Dixon). The role of internal audit in government financial management: an international perspective (J. Diamond). A research note on converting enterprise accounting systems in emerging economies: a case study of Bosnia (S. Pekmez, R.W. McGee). Theme 2: Auditing, Financial Accounting Standards and Intellectual Capital Reporting. Washington consensus, emerging economies and company financial reporting: an appraisal (V. Hopper, R. Morris). The preparation of IAS Financial Statements: a case study in a transitional economy (P. Sucher, D. Alexander). How is intellectual capital being reported in a developing nation? (I. Abeysekera, J. Guthrie). Theme 3: Corporate Governance and Finance. Financial information and micro and small-scale enterprises' access to finance in developing countries: a conceptual model (T.A. Satta). Constructing institutions and systems for effective corporate governance in transition economies: debt contracts and debt contracting (J. Day et al.). The evolution of financial reporting standards during the restructuring of developing countries' financial systems: the case of Mexico (A. Hazera). Information enclosure and accountability: the case of a Libyan company (M.M. Saleh). Managerial reactions to enterprise reform in the transitional Russian economy (V. Krivogorsky, J.W. Eichenseher). Theme 4: New Public Sector Management and Public Sector Accounting. Changes in management control systems in a state-owned development financial institution: some evidences from Fiji (R.K. Nandan, M. Alam). Accounting and reform initiatives: making sense of situation-specific resistance to accounting (S.S.K. Davie). Public sector financial reforms in Malawi: PPBS in a poor country (P.K. Mserembo, T. Hopper). Theme 5: Privatization And Liberalization. The costs of slow privatization: the case of the beverage and textile industries in Eritrea (S. Hailemariam, H. von Eije). A stakeholder analysis of market based economic policies: the case of the fertiliser industry in Bangladesh (M. Momin, J. Shaoul). Privatization, management accounting change, and cultural values in a developing country: case studies from Bangladesh (Z. Hoque, M. Alam). Theme 6: Culture and History. Relationships between types of user-respondents and stakeholder groups in the context of Pacific island countries (A.M. Brown et al.). The historical and cultural contingency of accountability processes in Poland (K. Kosmala-MacLullich et al.). Theme 7: The Accounting Profession, Professional Services and Accounting Education. Reforming the accounting curriculum in Russia: some guidelines based on the Armenian and Bosnian experiences (G.G. Preobragenskaya, R.W. McGee). The accounting profession in a transitional country: the case of Yugoslavia (Z. Sevic).","Accounting","Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies","Economics, Business and Management" "0-08-044088-6","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0080440886"",""Hyperlink"")","Intelligent Control Systems and Signal Processing 2003","Ruano, A.E.B;Ruano, M.G;Fleming, P.F",""," ","548","Pergamon","TP","Paperback. KEY FEATURES: The first IFAC conference and thus proceedings to be specifically devoted to this field Presents the findings of experts and practitioners from the major soft- computing themes Provides an overview of the theory and applications of intelligent control systems and signal processing Intelligent control systems and signal processing 2003 contains the selection of papers presented at the IFAC International Conference on Intelligent Control systems and Signal Processing (ICONS) 2003. The conference was sponsored by the most important organizations in the field, among them were the Institue of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), and the Control Systems Society (CSS) This proceedings volume contains 98 papers, with three separate reviewers having reviewed all papers, Including six plenary lectures given by leading experts in the field.","01-SEP-03","116.00 ","116.00 ","","Fuzzy logic in modelling, systems identification and control; Robotics; Soft computing systems; Medical applications; Neural networks in modelling, systems ID and control; Optimization methods; Advances online learning; Design methodologies; Automation; Industrial applications; Plenary papers; Poster papers","Control Systems","IFAC Workshop Series","Engineering, Energy and Technology" "0-444-50746-9","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444507469"",""Hyperlink"")","Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries","Rand, D.A.J.;Moseley, P.T.;Garche, J.;Park, C.",""," ","615","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. For many decades, the lead-acid battery has been the most widely used energy-storage device for medium- and large-scale applications (approximately 100Wh and above). In recent years, the traditional, flooded design of the battery has begun to be replaced by an alternative design. This version - the valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery - requires no replenishment of the water content of the electrolyte solution, does not spill liquids, and can be used in any desired orientation. Since the VRLA battery operates in a somewhat different manner from its flooded counterpart, considerable technological development has been necessary to meet the exacting performance requirements of the full range of applications in which rechargeable batteries are used. The valve-regulated design is now well established in the industrial battery sector, and also appears set to be adopted widely for automotive duty. This book provides a comprehensive account","01-FEB-04","160.00 ","160.00 ","","The valve-regulated battery - a paradigm shift in lead-acid technology. Lead alloys for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. Formation of lead-acid batteries and structure of positive and negative active masses. Positive-plate additives to enhance formation and battery performance. Negative plates in valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. The function of the separator in the valve-regulated lead-acid battery. Separator materials for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. Battery management. Charging techniques for VRLA batteries. Battery energy-storage systems for power-supply networks. Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries in automotive applications ? a vehicle manufacturer's perspective. Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries in automotive applications - a battery manufacturer's perspective. Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for telecommunications and UPS applications. Remote-area power-supply (RAPS) systems and the valve-regulated lead-acid battery. Recovery and recycling of lead-acid batteries. Environmental aspects of recycling valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. The next great challenge for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries: high-rate partial-state-of-charge operation in new-generation road vehicles. ","Surfaces-Interfaces-Colloids","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-08-044289-7","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0080442897"",""Hyperlink"")","Intelligent Manufacturing Systems 2003","Kadar, B;Monostori, L.M;Morel, G",""," ","278","Pergamon","TP","Paperback. Presents the findings of experts and practitioners from the major soft-computing themes Provides an overview of the theory and applications of IMS systems The Area of Intelligence in manufacturing has generated a considerable amount of interest occasionally verging on controversy, both in the research community and in the industrial sector. This proceedings looks at the broad manufacturing domain dealing with both technical and organizational issues, intelligent control is only part, albeit important, of optimal integration and control of intelligent techniques. The importance of creating a synergy of efforts aiming at efficient employment of intelligence in global technological development for manufacturing was recognized by the international IMS (intelligent manufacturing Systems) Initiative and is discussed in this proceedings volume.","01-AUG-03","82.00 ","82.00 ","","Digital Factories, Production Networks; Design; Production Planning and Control; Multi-agent Approaches; modelling and simulation, monitoring and control; measure of on-line production systems; optimization; education and knowledge management.","Control Systems","IFAC Proceedings Volumes","Engineering, Energy and Technology" "0-444-51564-X","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/044451564X"",""Hyperlink"")","Powder Sampling and Particle Size Determination","Allen, T.;DuPont de Nemours and Company, E.I.",""," ","680","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. Powder technology is a rapidly expanding technology and nowhere more than in particle characterization. There has been an explosion of new particle measuring techniques in the past ten year particularly in the field of on-line measurement. One of the main aims of this book is to bring the reader up-to-date with current practices. One important area of interest is the improvements in on-line light scattering instruments and the introduction of ultrasonic on-line devices. Another is the introduction of on-line microscopy, which permits shape analysis in conjunction with particle sizing. Schools of powder technology are common in Europe and Japan but the importance of this subject has only recently been recognised in America with the emergence of the Particle Research Centre (PERC) at the University of Florida in Gainsville.","01-DEC-03","200.00 ","200.00 ","","Powder Sampling. Sample selection. Sampling stored material. Sampling flowing streams. Sample reduction. Slurry sampling. Reduction of laboratory sample to measurement sample. Number of samples required. Theoretical statistical errors on a number basis. Practical statistical errors on a number basis. Theoretical statistical errors on a weight basis. Practical statistical errors on a weight basis. Experimental tests of sampling techniques. Weight of sample required. Data Presentation and Interpretation. Particle size. Average diameters. Particle dispersion. Particle shape. Determination of specific surface from size distribution data. Tabular presentation of particle size distribution. Graphical presentation of size distribution data. Standard forms of distribution functions. Arithmetic normal distribution. The log-normal distribution. Johnson's SB distribution. Rosin-Rammler-Bennet-Sperling formula. Other distribution laws. The law of compensating errors. Evaluation of nonlinear distributions on log-normal paper. Alternative notations for frequency distribution. Phi-notation. Particle Size Analysis by Image Analysis. Standards. Optical microscopy. Sample preparation. Measurement of plane sections through packed beds. Particle size. Calibration. Training of operators. Experimental techniques. Determination of particle size distribution by number. Conditions governing a weight size determination. Semi-automatic aids to microscopy. Automatic aids to microscopy. Quantitative image analysis. Electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Scanning electron microscopy. Other scanning electron microscopy techniques. Errors involved in converting a number to a volume count. Particle Size Analysis by Sieving. Standard sieves. Tolerances for standard sieves. Woven-wire and punched plate sieves. Electroformed micromesh sieves. Mathematical analysis of the sieving process. Calibration of sieves. Sieving errors. Methods of sieving. Amount of sample required. Hand sieving. Machine sieving. Wet sieving. Air-jet sieving. The Sonic Sifter. The Seishin Robot Sifter. Automatic systems. Ultrasonic sieving. The sieve cascadograph. Felvation. Self organized sieves (SORSI). Shape separation. Correlation with light scattering data. Fluid Classification. Assessment of classifier efficiency. Systems. Counter-flow equilibrium classifiers in a gravitational field elutriators. Theory for elutriators. Water elutriators. Air elutriators. Counter-flow centrifugal classifiers; Zig-zag gravitational classifiers. Zig-zag centrifugal classifiers. The Warmain Cyclosizer. Cross-flow gravitational classification. Cross-flow centrifugal classifiers. Cross-flow elbow classifier. Micromeretics classifier; Fractionation methods for particle size measurement. Hydrodynamic chromatography. Capillary hydrodynamic fractionation; Capillary zone electrophoresis. Size exclusion chromatography. Field flow fractionation. The Matec electro-acoustic system EAS-8000. Continuous split fractionation. Classification by decantation. Interaction Between Particles and Fluids. Settling of a single homogeneous sphere under a gravitational force. Size limits for gravity sedimentation. Time for terminal velocity to be attained. Errors due to the finite extent of the fluid (wall effects). Errors due to discontinuity of the fluid. Viscosity of a suspension. Non-rigid spheres. Non-spherical particles. Relationship between drag coefficient and Reynolds number in the transition region. The turbulent flow region. Concentration effects. Hindered settling. Electro-viscosity. Dispersion of powders. Powder density. Liquid viscosity. Standard powders. National Standards. Gravitational Sedimentation Methods of Particle Size Determination. Resolution of sedimenting suspensions. Concentration changes in a suspension settling under gravity. Homogeneous incremental gravitational sedimentation. Theory for the gravity photosedimentation technique. Theory for concentration determination with the x-ray gravitational sedimentation technique. Relationship between density gradient and concentration. Hydrometers and divers. Homogeneous cumulative gravitational sedimentation. Line-start incremental gravitational sedimentation. Line-start cumulative gravitational sedimentation. Centrifugal Sedimentation Methods of Particle Size Determination. Stokes' equation for centrifugal sedimentation. Homogeneous, incremental, centrifugal sedimentation. Variable time method (r and S constant, t variable). The Simcar pipette disc centrifuge (r constant, S assumed constant, t variable). Worked example. The Ladal x-ray disc centrifuge(r constant,S constant,t variable). Discussion of the Kamack equation. Variable time and height method (S constant, both r and t vary). Variable inner radius (Both S and t vary, r remains constant). Photocentrifuges. Line-start incremental centrifugal sedimentation. Cuvette photocentrifuges. Homogeneous, cumulative, centrifugal sedimentation. Variable time method (variation of P with t). Sedimentation distance small compared with distance from centrifuge axis. Variable inner radius (variation of P with S). Variable outer radius (variation of P with R). Line-start cumulative centrifugal sedimentation. Particle size analysis using non-invasive dielectric sensors. Supercentrifuge. Ultracentrifuge. Stream Scanning Methods of Particle Size Measurement. The electrical sensing zone method (the Coulter principle). Fiber length analysis. Optical particle counters. Commercial instruments. Dwell time. Aerodynamic time-of-flight measurement. Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). Laser phase Doppler principle. Hosokawa Mikropul E-Spart Analyzer. Shadow Doppler velocimetry. Other light scattering methods. Interferometers. Flow ultramicroscope. Measurement of the size distribution of drops in dispersions. Dupont electrolytic grain size analyzer. Light pressure drift velocity. Impact size monitor. Monitek acoustic particle monitors. Erdco Acoustical Counter. Field Scanning Methods of Particle Size Measurement. Single point analyzers. Light scattering and attenuation. Light scattering theory. Multi angle laser light scattering; (MALLS). Malvern (Insitec) Ensemble Particle Concentration Size (EPCS) Systems. Optical incoherent space frequency analysis. Pulse displacement technique (PDT). Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). Near infra-red spectroscopy (NIR). Ultrasonic attenuation. Matec Acoustosizer (ACS). Ultrasonic attenuation and velocity spectrometry. Photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Turbo-Power Model TPO-400 in-line grain size analyzer. Concentration monitors. Shape discrimination. ","Analytical Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-444-51583-6","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444515836"",""Hyperlink"")","Protein Phosphorylation in Aging and Age-Related Disease","Mattson, M.",""," ","180","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. It can be argued that ATP is the most important molecule in cells. Not only is ATP the key energy source for cells, but it is also the source of phosphate groups that are transferred to a variety of substrate proteins via the action of elaborate families of protein kinases. An equally elaborate array of protein phosphatases can remove phosphate groups from proteins. It is now well established that protein phosphorylation is a widely used mechanism for cells to selectively modulate the function of a variety of proteins including enzymes, ion channels and pumps and structural proteins. In this volume of ACAG leading experts describe the evidence that protein phosphorylation is altered in aging and age-related disease. Protein phosphorylation controls fundamental processes such as transcription and translation, regulation of the cell cycle, signalling within and between cells, cell motility, synaptic function and so on. Recent findings are","01-FEB-04","125.00 ","125.00 ","","1. Organismal aging and phosphorylation of transcription factors (P.W. Atadja, P.O. Kwon). 2. Phosphorylation of cell cycle proteins at senescence (C. Sandhu). 3. Protein phosphorylation in T-cell signaling: Effect of age (B. Chakravarti, D.N. Chakravarti). 4. Cyclic nucleotide signaling in vascular and cavernous smooth muscle: Aging-related changes (C.-S. Lin, T.F. Lue). 5. Insulin signaling in the aging nervous system (E.M. Rocha, M.L.A. Fernandes, L. Velloso). 6. Age-related changes in synaptic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation (T.C. Foster). 7. Animal models of Tau phoshorylation and Tauopathy: What have they taught us? (L.-F. Lau, J.B. Schachter).","Geriatrics and Gerontology","Advances in Cell Aging and Gerontology","Life Sciences" "0-444-51512-7","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0444515127"",""Hyperlink"")","Biosensors: Kinetics of Binding and Dissociation Using Fractals","Sadana, A.",""," ","450","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. This title brings to the attention of researchers in the industry, and in academia, the application of fractals to help in modeling the analyte/receptor binding and dissociation kinetics on biosensor surfaces.","01-DEC-03","190.00 ","190.00 ","","Introduction. Effect of Reynolds number on fractal binding kinetics on a surface-based biosensor. DNA fractal binding and dissociation kinetics. Fractal analysis of binding and dissociation interactions of estrogen receptors to ligands on biosensor surfaces. Fractal analysis of estrogen receptor binding and dissociation kinetics using biosensors: environmental effects. A fractal analysis of analyte-estrogen receptor binding and dissociation kinetics using biosensors: biomedical effects. Fractal analysis of binding interactions of nuclear estrogen receptors occurring on biosensor surfaces. Fractal analysis of cholera toxin and peptide-protein binding and dissociation in biosensors. The temporal nature of the binding and dissociation rate coefficients and the affinity values for biosensor kinetics. Fractal analysis of analyte-receptor binding and dissociation, and dissociation alone for biosensor applications. Fractal analysis of cellular analyte-receptor binding and dissociation on biosensors. Fractal analysis of analyte-receptor binding kinetics on microarrays. Fractal analysis of cre-loxP interactions and the influence of Cl, O, and S on drug/liposome interactions on biosensors. Fractal analysis of binding and dissociation kinetics on randomly coupled and oriented coupled receptors on biosensor surfaces: electrostatic effects. Fractal analysis of analyte-receptor binding and dissociation on biosensor surfaces: kinetics of regeneration and multiple analyte immunoassay (MAIA). Fractal analysis of analyte-receptor binding and dissociation kinetics in microcantilever biosensors. ","Biophysical Chemistry","","Chemistry and Chemical Engineering" "0-08-044348-6","=HYPERLINK(""http://www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/0080443486"",""Hyperlink"")","Introduction to Hydrocodes","Zukas, J",""," ","320","Elsevier","HC","Hardbound. Introduces complex physics essential for the understanding of hydrocodes Infused with over 30 years practical experience in the field Brings together a wide range of literature saving valuable research time A hydrocode refers to a computer program used fo