Save up to 30% on Elsevier print and eBooks with free shipping. No promo code needed.
Save up to 30% on print and eBooks.
Protective Clothing
Managing Thermal Stress
1st Edition - August 1, 2014
Editors: F. Wang, Chuansi Gao
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:9781782420323
9 7 8 - 1 - 7 8 2 4 2 - 0 3 2 - 3
eBook ISBN:9781782420408
9 7 8 - 1 - 7 8 2 4 2 - 0 4 0 - 8
Protective clothing protects wearers from hostile environments, including extremes of heat and cold. Whilst some types of protective clothing may be designed primarily for…Read more
Purchase options
LIMITED OFFER
Save 50% on book bundles
Immediately download your ebook while waiting for your print delivery. No promo code is needed.
Protective clothing protects wearers from hostile environments, including extremes of heat and cold. Whilst some types of protective clothing may be designed primarily for non-thermal hazards (e.g. biological hazards), a key challenge in all protective clothing remains wearer comfort and the management of thermal stress (i.e. excessive heat or cold). This book reviews key types of protective clothing, technologies for heating and cooling and, finally, modeling aspects of thermal stress and strain.
Explores different types of protective clothing, their uses and their requirements, with an emphasis on full-scale or prototype clothing, including immersion suits, body armour and space suits
Considers novel and commercial technologies for regulating temperature in protective clothing, including phase change materials, shape memory alloys, electrically heated clothing and air and water perfusion-based cooling systems
Reviews the human thermoregulatory system and the methods of modelling of thermal stress in protective clothing through various conditions, including cold water survival and firefighting
R&D managers in the textiles industry, academic researchers, safety and health practitioners.
Contributor contact details
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles
Introduction
References
Dedication
Part I: Types of protective clothing and their requirements
1. Cold-protective clothing: types, design and standards
Abstract:
1.1 Introduction: types of cold-protective clothing
1.2 Human responses to cold
1.3 Requirements of cold-protective clothing
1.4 Design of clothing to protect wearers from the cold
1.5 Examples and applications of cold-protective clothing
1.6 Standards and testing for cold-protective clothing
1.7 Conclusions: key challenges in managing thermal stress in the cold
1.8 Future trends
1.9 Source of further information and advice
1.10 References
2. Cold-water immersion suits
Abstract:
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Maintenance, fit and sizing of immersion suits
2.3 Thermal ratings for immersion suits
2.4 Managing thermal protection/stress associated with cold water: the problem of water ingress
2.5 Assessing the performance of immersion suits in resisting water ingress
2.6 Protecting airways and hands
2.7 Active heating systems for immersion suits
2.8 Effect of environmental factors and flotation position on performance of immersion suits
2.9 Conclusions and recommendations
2.10 References
3. Clothing for protection against heat and flames
Abstract:
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Types of clothing for protection against heat and flames
3.3 The human response to heat
3.4 Requirements for heat- and flame-protective clothing
3.5 Challenges in managing thermal stress
3.6 Design of clothing for protection against heat and flames
3.7 Future trends
3.8 Conclusions
3.9 References
4. Clothing for protection against hot-liquid splash and steam hazards
Abstract:
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Requirements of clothing for protection against hot-liquid splash and steam hazards
4.3 Assessment methods and standards
4.4 Examples and applications of protective materials
4.5 Thermal stored energy and its contribution to burn injury
4.6 Conclusions and future trends
4.7 References
5. Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) protective clothing
Abstract:
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Types of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats
5.3 Personal protective equipment for specific routes of exposure
5.4 Respiratory protection
5.5 Total body protection
5.6 Standard test methods for evaluating chemical-protective materials
5.7 Standard test methods for evaluating whole CBRN ensembles
5.8 Impact of wearing CBRN protective clothing
5.9 Conclusions and future trends
5.10 Sources of further information and advice
5.11 References
6. Ballistic-protective clothing and body armour
Abstract:
6.1 Introduction
6.2 UK military ballistic-protective clothing
6.3 Environmental operating conditions
6.4 Test methods
6.5 Thermophysiological aspects
6.6 Conclusions and future trends
6.7 References
7. Spacesuits: development and design for thermal comfort
Abstract:
7.1 Introduction
7.2 US spacesuit systems
7.3 History and evolution of the spacesuit
7.4 Challenges related to thermal comfort
7.5 Physiological design
7.6 Challenges related to glove function
7.7 Future trends
7.8 Conclusions
7.9 References
7.10 Appendix: abbreviations
8. Medical protective clothing
Abstract:
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Key requirements for surgical gowns: protection
8.3 Key requirements for surgical gowns: thermophysical comfort
8.4 Limitations of current surgical gowns
8.5 Performance of surgical gowns: a case study
8.6 Measuring the thermal and water vapour resistance of surgical fabric assemblies
8.7 Thermal comfort attributes of various fabric assemblies
8.8 Thermal comfort attributes of various surgical ensembles
8.9 Conclusions and future trends
8.10 References
Part II: Technologies for warming or cooling in protective clothing
9. Phase-change materials (PCMs) for warming or cooling in protective clothing
Abstract:
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Principles and types of phase-change materials (PCMs)
9.3 Incorporating PCMs into clothing for warming and cooling
9.3.5 Smart textiles
9.4 Factors determining PCM warming and cooling effects
9.5 Applications of PCMs for warming or cooling
9.6 Standards and testing
9.7 Challenges and future trends
9.8 References
10. Shape-memory alloys (SMAs) for warming or cooling in protective clothing
Abstract:
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Principles of shape-memory alloys (SMAs)
10.3 Incorporating SMAs into clothing for warming and cooling
10.4 Standards and testing
10.5 Conclusions and future trends
10.7 Acknowledgements
10.6 Sources of further information and advice
10.8 References
11. Electrically heated clothing (EHC) for protection against cold stress
Abstract:
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Design requirements for electrically heated clothing (EHC)
11.3 Heat transfer processes in EHC
11.4 Key components in EHC
11.5 Performance assessment of EHC
11.6 Conclusions and future trends
11.7 Sources of further information and advice
11.8 References
12. Air and water perfusion-based personal cooling systems (PCSs) to protect against heat stress in protective clothing
Abstract:
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Basic requirements of personal cooling systems (PCSs)
12.3 Design parameters of PCSs
12.4 Assessing the performance of PCSs
12.5 Conclusions and future trends
12.7 Acknowledgement
12.6 Sources of further information and advice
12.8 References
Part III: Understanding and modelling thermal stress in protective clothing
13. The human thermoregulatory system and its response to thermal stress
Abstract:
13.1 Introduction: the physiology of heat balance
13.2 Physiological adaptations in response to heat or cold
13.3 Heat stress and thermoeffector responses: sweating
13.4 Heat stress and thermoeffector responses: cutaneous vasodilation
13.5 Thermoregulation during challenges to human heat balance
13.6 Nonthermal modulators of thermoeffector responses
13.7 The body’s capacity to dissipate heat and its impact on performance
13.8 Factors affecting heat-stress response: physical characteristics/body composition and fitness
13.12 Factors affecting heat stress response: cardiovascular function
13.13 Conclusion
13.14 References
14. Modelling of cold stress and cold strain in protective clothing
Abstract:
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Cold-related injuries
14.3 Assessment of cold stress
14.4 Modelling of cold strain
14.5 Work practices for cold workplaces
14.6 Conclusions
14.8 Acknowledgements
14.7 Sources of further information and advice
14.9 References
15. Cold-exposure survival and modeling offshore antiexposure garments
Abstract:
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Hypothermia without immersion
15.3 Medical consequences of hypothermia during immersion in cold water
15.4 Expected survival time for accidental immersion
15.5 Certification of antiexposure suits
15.6 Human thermal models applied to testing of antiexposure suits
15.7 Validation of a human thermal model for antiexposure suit testing
15.8 Results from modeling and experimental studies
15.9 Interpretation of the CORD data
15.10 Summary
15.11 References
16. Modeling heat stress and heat strain in protective clothing
Abstract:
16.1 Introduction
16.2 The body’s microenvironment and thermal stress
16.3 Effects of protective clothing and work conditions
16.4 Modeling heat stress in protective clothing
16.5 Future trends
16.6 Sources of further information and advice
16.7 References
17. Modeling thermal skin burning in protective clothing
Abstract:
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Skin: function and structure
17.3 Skin burns
17.4 Heat transfer in the skin
17.5 Modeling skin burns
17.6 Skin burns in protective clothing
17.7 Future trends
17.8 Conclusions
17.9 References
Index
No. of pages: 500
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: August 1, 2014
Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
Hardback ISBN: 9781782420323
eBook ISBN: 9781782420408
FW
F. Wang
Professor Faming Wang is the head of the Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics (LCPE) at Soochow University, China. He is also the author of over 85 publications and an editorial member of the Journal of Ergonomics and Industria Textila
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, Head of the Laboratory for Clothing Physiology and Ergonomics (LCPE) at Soochow University, China
CG
Chuansi Gao
Associate Professor Chuansi Gao works at the Thermal Environment Laboratory, Lund University, Sweden, and has published widely on protective clothing.
Affiliations and expertise
Thermal Environment Laboratory, Lund University, Sweden